Time Management

“Who’s got monkey? ” explains the concept of time management. It explains the manager-subordinate relationship. It focuses on three types of time, boss imposed time, system imposed time and self imposed time. These are the different amounts of time that a manger has to accomplish his task. The goal of this article Is to efficiently make use of that time to maximize results. The author explains different work related situations in which a subordinate passes his “monkey’ or Issue on to the mangers and makes It the responsibility of the manger.

Monkey means Issue or problems or responsibilities, using the common analogy: “monkey on my back. ” This article demonstrates how subordinates commonly pass the monkeys onto their mangers and therefore live a more carefree life, asking the question who works for who? The author shows us how to pass on the monkeys so that managers can manage, thus taking initiative to identify the best candidates for their company. The lesson I learned was how to passing on monkey that don’t belong to will benefit everyone especially the parties involved. 2. Everyone has monkeys or problems.

These monkeys are commonly found In the workplace as explained by the article, but not always. Some my monkeys are found In the workplace and some at home. First monkey Is to deposit all our cash at the end of week or sometimes twice a week In the bank. I am In charge of counting the cash, filling the deposit slip and delivering it to the bank. My second monkey is to take our pet Wald, our pet Chihuahua a bath whenever he needs one or whenever I want. My third monkey is to fill out all of my parents bills(mortgage, water, utility) and make the checks and send them off.

I have been in charge of this ever since my sister moved out. Once she moved out it became my monkey. My parents give me the check book and the stack of bill and I fill them out accordingly and mail them out. Once I mail them out I give my parents back the stubs and they file them away. The first monkey Is mine because one day I volunteered to take our cash deposit when our manager couldn’t do It and he trusted me with and I have been doing It ever since. The second monkey became mine when we got a dog. My brother wanted a dog so badly but was unaware of the chores and responsibility that came with It.

After a week of having the dog it became apparent that he was overwhelmed with all him being responsible of taking care of it. He is still in charge of cleaning the poop, walking him and buying him food I volunteered to take him baths because my brother would not do it frequently enough for my liking and since he lived in our house I wanted a clean dog so therefore it became my monkey. 3. The monkey of depositing our cash at the end of our work week was on that did not and does not belong to me. I received this monkey by volunteering to do it when our manager was in a hurry to get home and could not stop by the bank.

Some challenges I expect to have with time management during the fall term are not having enough time to get all my things done and having my plans clash with each other. Besides having four classes Monday through Thursday, I also have an online class, I work 20 hours a week and Just recently Joined a sorority. Each of these require a lot of time and dedication. For example, for my math class, I have to go three hours a week to the Math Lab and complete homework assignments, quizzes, pre-tests, etc. Before a certain due date, and for my sorority, Sigma Delta Taut, there’s numerous events and philanthropies we attend where we have to spend multiple hours In. On the other, I also want to exercise at least 4-5 hours a week to be healthy and stay fit. Even though it won’t be easy and might be stressful at times, If I manage my time precisely, nothing is impossible. I will get keep track of all my obligations and course work by keeping an agenda with all the events I have to attend and things I have to o with their due dates, so I don’t forget about anything and get everything done.

I believe being organized and managing your time correctly is the key to everything. Furthermore, I will have to say “no” to invitations, no matter how bad I want to go, if I have work to do, so, basically keep my priorities straight. By doing both of these things and staying on track of everything important, I am sure I will be able to overcome all my time management challenges, achieve all my goals, and be successful.

Personally when I complete tasks on my lists I feel a sense of accomplishment and have more desire to tackle some of the harder tasks on y list. I will begin to implement this time management skill with this class, and carry it over to block 2 through Gateway Community College. 2. Plan a schedule that has important work, fun activities, and rest. I get so busy with what I think needs to be done that I forget to include fun things In my schedule. Having fun and enjoying my time is something that is very important because It helps decrease stress.

Because I have a four year old who feeds off of my emotions It Is vital that I don’t show my stress and that I enjoy my time with him rather than worrying about what tasks are not getting done. 3. Create a designated study time, and stick to It. I plan to implement an hour of study time each morning and actually hold to It. Every semester I tell myself I will study more but I never seem to find the time to and I find myself scrambling at the last minute to cram for the upcoming exam.

If I set aside time and It Is a part of my dally routine I can avoid all insights the day before the exam and feel better prepared for whatever It Is I will be doing that day In school. What resources might you have available to use for professional and personal development? I have my education to use for professional and personal development. In school I am learning more than Just the science and theory behind nursing.

I am learning how to analyze my thinking and the thinking of others, how to make and achieve goals, critical thinking skills that can be used both at work and at home, and how to manage my time wisely. With the program I am In through Gateway Community College and The university of Phoenix I am able to network with other nursing professionals and build relationships that I can use as references later or as guidance on what field and where I should be looking for a Job. I have support from family, friends, and lacerates available to lad In my development.

They are there to encourage me to keep going when I feel Like Glenn up, and to help me emotionally get through this rigorous program. By pointlessness done that I forget to include fun things in my schedule. Having fun and enjoying my time is something that is very important because it helps decrease stress. Because I have a four year old who feeds off of my emotions it is vital that I don’t show my not getting done. 3. Create a designated study time, and stick to it. I plan to implement an hour of study time each morning and actually hold to it.

Every time and it is a part of my daily routine I can avoid all insights the day before the exam and feel better prepared for whatever it is I will be doing that day in school. My time wisely. With the program I am in through Gateway Community College and The University of Phoenix I am able to network with other nursing professionals and build relationships that I can use as references later or as guidance on what field and classmates available to aid in my development. They are there to encourage me to keep going when I feel like giving up, and to help me emotionally get through this

Time Management is the control and focus of a person’s actions for the purpose of improving efficiency. Time management techniques typically involve setting goals, establishing priorities, budgeting the amount of time allotted to a given activity, and planning and scheduling the steps needed to achieve goals. Generally, time management refers to the development of processes and tools that increase efficiency and productivity.

When we think of time management, we tend to think of personal time management, loosely defined as managing our time to waste less time on doing the things we have to do so we have more time to do the things that we want to do. Therefore, time management is often thought of or presented as a set of time management skills; the theory is that once we master the time management skills, we’ll be more organised, efficient, and happier. Personal time management skills include: •Goal Setting •Planning Prioritising •Decision-making •Delegating •Scheduling The first step in effective time management is analysing how you currently spend your time and deciding how you want to change how you spend your time. Unless time is managed properly, nothing worthwhile can be accomplished. Time is a unique resource. It is indispensable, intangible, irreplaceable, irretrievable and therefore invaluable. It is equitably and uniformly distributed. A day of every one consists of 24 hours only, no more and no less.

Every piece of work requires time. Time without energy has not much value; for instance, if one is seriously ill the time duration of illness is practically useless. Time is money. Time is also a measure of effort. There are two modes of time for every person: (a) Either you have a very ‘busy mind, effectively employing human resources, like working, thinking, remembering, reading, writing, watching, discussing, listening etc. , in short, fully utilising your senses. Here you are very busy and involved. b) Or at the other extreme, you have an ‘empty mind – for example, whilst waiting for a bus or train, waiting for a doctor or friend, when you do not get sleep or listening to a boring speech or attending meetings – activities in which you are not interested or mentally involved but perforce have to be physically present. Time can be divided into three aspects for applying techniques of managing it: (a) Biological: Pertaining to bodily functions. (b) Social: Pertaining to self, family and society. (c) Professional: Pertaining to professional activities/time spent at work. It is essential to maintain equilibrium between these three aspects.

Any imbalance may prove to be detrimental to one’s physical and mental health and can adversely affect the individual in the long run. It is essential, therefore, to allocate one’s time in balanced manner to the extent feasible to all these three aspects. (a) Biological Time: Adopt the golden mean of moderation among: (i) Sleep (ii) Food (iii) Ablutions / Calls of nature (iv) Sex / Recreation (v) Physical Exercise It is advantageous to establish regularity for all the above activities. (b) Social Time: It is desirable to give time to yourself, your family and for society and the general guide lines are: i) Self-development/self time: At least one hour per day should be kept for oneself for thinking, introspection, reading and other hobbies. (ii) Family time: Strong family ties and a happy domestic life are the foundations of success in both personal and professional life. One must spend some time with one’s family everyday and to co-ordinate activities of family members. (iii) Social time: In order to live in society, one has to attend various social events, like weddings, religious functions etc. , where one is not the master of one’s own time. Social obligations may entail a substantial portion of time. (c) Professional Time:

In this aspect, if one is working, one does not really have a choice as working hours are generally fixed. The aim here is to optimally utilise the available time for maximum output/productivity and self-satisfaction. It is, therefore, essential to plan one’s work and that of the subordinates in an efficient manner and also identify ‘Time Wasters’ and make efforts to eliminate/reduce them. Examples of Time Wasters are: (i) In fructuous meetings (ii) Poor communication (iii) Unwanted visitors (iv) Disorganised work The basic cause of time wastage at work can be classified as follows: (a) Over-staffing is common cause of wastage of time.

Since most of the people do not have clearly defined work for the whole day, they often obstruct each other and create unnecessary problems. (b) Time is wasted on account of faulty organisation of work. Work is not planned sufficiently in advance. (c) There is enormous wastage of time and effort due to various meetings often at various locations, which are not properly directed and drag on endlessly. (d) Time is often wasted because the relevant information is not readily available or the information available is inaccurate. Similarly collection, storage and distribution of unnecessary information is wasteful.

Though one has to evolve one’s own technique of time management depending on the circumstances, the three cardinal principles are: (a) Span of Attention: There is a natural limit to how long one can concentrate on a particular activity or task. This is called p of attention. (b) Provisions of time in adequate chunks: If any important work is to be done, time must be made available in sufficiently large chunks. For example – If a job takes 20 minutes, it is of no use to allocate time at the rate of 5 minutes a day for 4 days. Time used in such driblets is utterly wasted. For important work, one requires sufficient time at a stretch. c) Concentration: Concentration is essential for effective utilisation of time. This as a matter of practice is necessary to avoid all interruptions. It is also necessary to focus attention on one task at a time. Time Management is essentially a matter of self-discipline, though it is affected by external factors. The aim should be to identify and minimise both internal and external Time Wasters to the extent feasible. One has to cultivate the art of enjoying essential both work and leisure. It is essential to maintain equilibrium between biological, social and professional time for improving one’s effectiveness.

1. What are the major activities and tasks that take up most of your time (family, school, work, etc. )? Explain how much time you spend on each of these major activities. The three major activites that I go through on a day to day basis are work, family, and school. My work takes up a big majority of my day, I work from 0500-0600 after that I take time to talk to my wife from 0630-0800 then I into work and don’t get off until 6pm. After work I usually take about two to three hours to work on school. 2. Define Circadian Rhythm in your own words. When is your high-energy time?

What activities are you completing during this high-energy time? Is any study time during your high energy time? Circadian Rhythm is basicly a cycle that your mind or body is adjusted to within a certain time period. My high energry time would be right as I’m coming into work and I’m usually making sure everything is done from the previous day and getting up to speed on the current day. I would like to think that I have two high energy times because when I get off of work my energy level is boosted for some reason. 3. Your textbook emphasizes the importance of using “To Do Lists. ” Go to this website: www. mindtools. om. Find the section that deals with “To Do Lists. ” Why are To-Do Lists important for success in school and in a career? How do they keep one organized? A To-Do list is a very important tool to use for example; you take all the tasks you must do in a day and you set priorities on them starting from your top priorities on the top of your To-Do list. This enables you not to forget about a certain task and it make your workload not seem so heavy. 4. Select one other tip in the mindtools. com site that would be helpful to you. Name and summarize this tip. Be sure to explain how this tip might apply to you personally.

Activity Logs are another good tool to use to manage your time. They enable you to see how much time you waste everyday due to little breaks or conversation with coulages. This helps me to see how much time I actually have everyday to use to my advantage to get stuff done and not waste time. 5. What do we mean by top-priority tasks? What criteria do you use to determine top priority tasks? Identify a top-priority task in your current work/school week. Explain why it is a top priority. A top priority task is a certain project or job that could possibly be big or take a lot of time that has a deadline.

For example at my job this week I need to reimage my whole companies computers. This command came down from higher up which means it needs to be done ASAP. 6. The six business practices in the management process are planning, organization, staffing, delegating, directing and motivating, and evaluating. How would negatively affect business? Assume you own the company. Poor time management could cause a company to lose lots of money, if jobs are not done in a descent time frame you might lose a customer or be paying your employees to slack off instead of doing work. . You have heard the saying, “Time is money. ” Do you agree? Elaborate on this statement. If you owned a company, would this saying be important? How would you watch the “bottom line” when dealing with your time and your employees’ time? I totally agree that “Time is money”, everything in a business is about time frames and deadlines. Making deadline early or on time makes your company look professional in which case your company can grow from this. Missing deadlines can cause you lots of money and shows bad business.

I would just anazlye project and projected deadlines to make sure they are being finished in a timely manner. 8. A key factor in time management is having well organized goals with an Action Plan. Create an Action Plan for your educational goals and be sure to include short-term, mid-term, and long-term goals. Before you do this part of the assignment, make sure you have reviewed the Unit 2 Online Lecture (dealing with Action Plans). My Long term goals are to have a Bachelor’s Degree in Network Security and graduating with a 3. 5 GPA.

My mid-term goal would be to get as many certification while in school as possible and to work hard making good grades. My short term goals would be to continue on my path of completing assignments on time, and making my To-Do lists. 9. What causes you to waste time? Explain what you can do to reduce the amount of time in each these areas. A lot of my time wasted is due to me just being tired and lazy. My job has a heavy work load everyday and when I’m off I just like to relax. I am going to push myself to get through the weak spots and push my lazyness to the side. 10. Take a stand.

Write a contract with yourself about how to get organized, to meet deadlines, to conquer procrastination and to balance college and family. Be specific and detailed and explain how you’ll achieve each of the goals from your contract. I Jordan Galindo am going to maintan my discipline and not procrastinaation on my school work. I will start school work everyday from 6pm-9pm. I will continue to do this throughout my whole time in school. When I finish I will reward myself with a big shopping spree. If I don’t complte this I will take away my movies to take a disctration away from myself. Signed: Jordan Galindo 20110906

Time Management Research Strategy Paper At first, I thought the example given; “Time Management” was not a good example to use for my paper. I didn’t really [Clearer writing suggestion–“real” or “really” means “existing in actuality”–it adds little to the meaning (and using it to mean “big,” “very,” or “genuine” is slang); replace it with a more expressive word] feel like I have an issue managing time, after all I complete my task about ninety [Express numbers higher than nine in digits (when not the first word in the sentence)] -nine percent of the time and normally finish on or ahead of schedule.

However, when I stopped to look at what I complete I was surprised [The passive voice is a form of “be” (was) and a participle (surprised). Over-use of the passive voice can make paragraphs tedious to read and officious. Try to use the active voice most often, e. g. , the student completed the paper on time. The passive voice version–The paper was completed on time by the student–See eCampus>CWE>Tutorials & Guides>Grammar & Writing Guides>Active & passive voice] at my findings. I found that I have to some degree, mentally categorized my task.

What I mean by this is that I have, without thinking about it, categorized my task into two separate groups: Work and personal. The first, being my primary group is the tasks related to my job. This group boasts has a very high completion rate and quality of work on these tasks is checked [Passive voice] by my employer as well and then communicated to me. Based on task tracking I have about a ninety [Express numbers higher than nine in digits (when not the first word in the sentence)] -eight percent completion rate and based on feedback from my employer I know the quality of my work is very high as well.

Now, the second category is my personal life category and my after examining it, I found that I don’t have results anywhere near my what I have in my job related category. My personal category breaks down into two groups as well: The have to be done now [Clearer writing suggestion–“Now” is a tricky concept. If the sentence is in the past tense, it probably should be rendered as “then. ” If not, and unless you are making a philosophical statement (Now is the time to improve myself) or mean “as of the present time” (the business is now known as Ajax Corporation), onsider removing “now”–because this is being read after the time you wrote it, your “now” is in the past] and the can wait until later groups. I find that when I leave work, I leave a task-oriented environment and enter an environment of relaxation and enjoyment. This environment of less critical tasks allows the task to be ignored [Passive voice] until they can’t be ignored [Passive voice] any longer, forcing some sort of action. Now in review of this method, the completion rate is not the only item to score poorly, the quality of the work suffers tremendously as well.

Project oriented tasks that have some sort of visible outcome; such as [Check word choice: “such as” refers to things that are exactly what you are discussing; “like” means something similar to what you are discussing] laying tile in a walkway get [Doctoral rule (although good advice for any academic writer)–“get” is informal English and can mean many things; in academic writing, use forms of “arrive at,” “can,” “could”, “grows,” “is able to,” etc. ] completed in a timely manner and with a much higher level of quality. My goal for this research paper is to develop a strategy for improving my time management skills for my personal category.

With the proper time management skills I believe the quality of work on these tasks will also rise exponentially. My goal requires information on time management tools, prioritization and [Check punctuation–insert a comma before this word if this is the last in a list of more than two–or if it begins a new clause] organization. I want to gather information from credible sources, so I will be looking for information from reputable time management coaches. Additionally I need to answer the following questions: “How can I improve my prioritization skills? What organization tools are there for time management? and “What are the keys to managing your time? ” I will use the Internet for my research because it can be accessed 24/7 and reference any books that are available through “University of Phoenix” online library. I will place the information retrieved into two categories, relevant and non-relevant. Discarding the irrelevant data and sorting the relevant into categories that fit the questions that I have asked and a category for the questions that may be applicable which [Use “that” for a restrictive phrase (or place a comma before “which”)] I did not ask.

I will then analyze the data, re-categorizing if needed, examine the evidence of recommendations, determining whether the information is fact or opinion and if it is opinion is it supported [Passive voice] by any facts. I will make comparisons to similar information identify any themes or ideas and align the information with other information retrieved. Then I will examine perspectives and assumptions.

By determining what perspectives the author [If this means yourself, avoid referring to yourself in the third person; if this is a personal account, use the first person (I, me, my)] may have I will derive a better idea of what direction his information is coming from and better determine how applicable it is to my situation. Likewise, if the author has made or not made certain assumptions the information collected from this person may be applicable to my situation. There may also be a need to prove or disprove an assumption to determine just how relevant a certain piece of information is or for that matter how relevant a certain author is.

I think it is important to examine my perspective as well as the author’s so that I can be more specific in my search for answers. As research progresses and more is learned [Passive voice] about time management, I will ask additional questions and look for examples of these ideas and tools played out in everyday life to ensure its suitable to me. The information must make sense and be adaptable to anyone looking to improve his or her time management skills, but I will also be looking for ideas and tools that fit my character and lifestyle.

Once I have answered my questions, I will determine which tools recommended work best for my personality type, I will take my character and schedule into consideration then formulate a strategy that will be easily implemented [Passive voice] into my personal lifestyle. Once implemented I will track the completion of my tasks and determine my successful completion rate, then based on feedback from my family as well as myself I will determine if the quality of my work has improved as well. References Carter, C. , Bishop, J. , & Kravits, S. L. (2007). Keys to College Studying: Becoming an Active Thinker (2nd ed. ). : Pearson Prentice Hall.

Time direction is really of import and it may really impact person ‘s overall public presentation and accomplishments. However, all of these are related by how persons manage their clip to accommodate their day-to-day life or to do it flux steadily with their modus operandis. Conducive scenes and environment will certainly advance positive results to the pupils, besides holding good talks given by their lectors. Nevertheless, pupils ‘ clip direction can be considered as one of the facet that can travel a pupil to be a good pupil. A good clip direction is critical for pupils to stand out. However, some of the pupils do non hold a good clip direction accomplishments that has negatively impact their life and their survey. The use of clip by pupils in higher instruction establishments is related to their day-to-day modus operandis and activities. Students ‘ clip direction can besides impact stress degree of pupils as they need to get by with their undertakings and their personal errands.

In educational establishments of Malaysia, clip direction has a function in finding how the pupils perform. This includes the pupils who are specialising in the instruction profession. Teaching profession is one of legion professions accepted widely throughout the whole universe. Due to this peculiar ground, higher acquisition establishments all around the universe nowadays provide classs which either closely or straight related to the learning profession. The acquisition establishments in Malaysia are non excluded. Here in Malaysia, higher learning establishment provides educational classs in assorted Fieldss of survey. Many larning establishments have their ain Faculty of Education to provide the demands and the pupils to foster their surveies in this peculiar field. Among these universities are Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris ( UPSI ) , Universiti Malaya ( UM ) , Universiti Malaysia Sarawak ( UNIMAS ) , International Islamic University Malaysia ( IIUM ) , Universitit Kebangsaan Malaysia ( UKM ) , Universiti Malaysia Sabah ( UMS ) , Universiti Putra Malaysia ( UPM ) , Universiti Sains Malaysia ( USM ) , Universiti Teknologi Malaysia ( UTM ) and Universiti Teknologi Mara ( UiTM ) .

The pupils who are undergoing the classs under the Faculty of Education are being exposed to what they should cognize and fix for the educational field besides the cognition that they gain during category. All of the pupils are being trained in bettering both their cognition and besides their soft accomplishments. However, all of the pupils do non hold the same manner of pull offing their clip. This may hold an consequence both on their academic and societal life.

In order to find how pupils manage their clip, a survey demand to be carried out among pupils who are taking the B. Ed. in Teaching English as a Second Language ( TESL ) programme at the Faculty of Education, UiTM Shah Alam. This survey is specifically for Part 8 or concluding semester pupils who are presently analyzing under the TESL programme.

Statement of the Problem.

Students in every university are different from one another, particularly in the manner they manage their clip. The manner of managing clip for each person is different in UiTM even though the classs taken are the same. Some of the pupils are even analyzing in the same category. Some category will hold the session of a peculiar topic in the forenoon and some possibly holding it in the afternoon or even later in the eventide. The clip allotment of the category may impact the pupils ‘ clip directions. In other words, pupils manage their clip to suit their demands and most of them pull off their clip by prioritising on what they want to make, instead than what they need to make. This consequences in the troubles of the pupils in executing their undertakings based on what they planned. Therefore, it is necessary to transport out a survey in order to find how pupils manage their clip, and how it affects their surveies.

A survey demand to be conducted to happen out how the pupils manage their clip throughout their period of survey and how it may impact their surveies. The pupils are larning harmonizing to the timetable provided by the module that may or may non disrupt their common day-to-day activities. The pupils have different ways to pull off their clip to provide to their survey program. This survey is conducted to place portion 8 TESL pupils of UiTM clip direction and how it affects their surveies.

Research Aims

The chief aim of the research is to find the ways portion eight B.Ed.TESL ( Hons ) pupils in the Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi Mara ( UiTM ) , Section 17 Shah Alam, pull off their clip.

The aims of this research are as stated below:

1.2.1 To cognize how the pupils manage their clip and their day-to-day modus operandi during their continuance of survey.

This is chiefly to look into how pupils manage their clip throughout their survey which includes clip for both academic and personal activities.

1.2.2 To look into in what manner clip direction affects their surveies and public presentation.

To detect how does pupils ‘ manner of pull offing clip affects their surveies and their public presentation.

1.3 Research Questions

This research is intended to reply the undermentioned inquiries:

1.3.1. How do the portion 8 B.Ed. TESL pupils manage their clip during their period of survey?

1.3.2. How do they get by with academic work load during their survey?

1.4.3. Do they hold equal clip for societal activities?

1.4 Significance of Study

The significances of this survey are:

1.4.1 To find how portion 8 B.Ed. TESL pupils of UiTM pull off their clip during their period of survey, including on how they manage their clip for academic activities and clip for socialising. This can be looked on how portion 8 B.Ed. TESL pupils make agreement of their clip, in which can be related on how they divide the clip for academic intents and besides the clip for their societal demands. This survey will detect how portion 8 B.Ed. TESL pupils of UiTM pull off their clip to accommodate their demand as pupils.

1.4.2 To raise the consciousness of portion 8 B.Ed. TESL pupils of UiTM on how they manage and spend clip for their modus operandis as pupils. The survey is of import for both pupils and the Faculty. It will convey benefits to the pupils who are non cognizant of how they spend or pull off their clip. The information collected in this survey can be used as a guideline to the pupils to fix a better manner to take their life or on how to pull off their clip decently. This besides will assist the pupils to do better clip direction for their academic and societal life.

1.4.3 To enable the university to form activities related to clip direction accomplishment and self-improvisations, in order to heighten the pupils clip direction both during and after their categories. The Faculty may besides utilize the informations collected to transport out activities related to clip direction in order to better whatever that should be improved about their clip direction. The pupils may besides do necessary alterations on how they spend their clip or reschedule their day-to-day modus operandi in order to accommodate their demands or even to increase their public presentation in survey.

1.5 Restriction of the Study

The restriction in this survey is on the figure of the respondents. For this survey, it would non be possible to obtain the information or information from all TESL pupils of UiTM. Due to that, the sample has been limited to portion 8 B.Ed. TESL pupils of UiTM in Section 17, Shah Alam, Selangor merely.

1.6 Definition of Footings

Several footings will be used throughout this survey. These footings are interrelated to one another and are used particularly when mentioning to the topics and the survey done. The footings used may be different in significance.

1.6.1 Time: Harmonizing to Merriam-Webster Collegiate lexicon, 11th Edition ; clip is defined as “ the measured or mensurable period during which an action, procedure, or status exist or continues ” . Time in this research refers to the activities of portion 8 TESL pupils of UiTM..

1.6.2 Management: Harmonizing to Collin ‘s Cobuild Advanced Learner ‘s English Dictionary, New Edition 5th ( 2006 ) , direction carries the significance on the manner people control different parts of their life.

1.6.3 Time Management: Based on the definition of clip and direction given above, clip direction can be said as the manner of how persons control their clip throughout their day-to-day life. In this survey, throughout their day-to-day life refers to clip direction applies to the period when portion 8 pupils are analyzing at UiTM subdivision 17, Shah Alam.