Youtube

Before the existence of new media, traditional media is used to convey messages via a one-way communication to huge audiences (Meckler, 2010). In traditional media, institutions are the ones providing information for consumers (Simon, 2010). However, with the easily accessible fuzzy edge of mobile media today, ‘nomadic’ communications in digital culture are made possible (Creeber and Martin, 2009). This can be linked to ‘mobile’ media which doesn’t necessarily distinct from static digital media, instead, the rise in mobile digital devices like smartphones have been techno-culturally known as symbiotic with consumer’s ‘hub’ personal computers in which digital content libraries are not only archived but images and videos are published and shared to social media (Creeber and Martin, 2009).

Web 2.0: Technology Creates Interactive Media

With software development, Web 2.0 has enabled a large amount of user-generated content (UGC) where netizens can upload contents (Cayari, 2011). Publishing, engaging or viewing contents on entertainment sites including YouTube create a sense of belonging to visitors (Prosumers as entertainers, 2015). Due to this freedom, some researchers identified this as a democratization of art (Cayari, 2011). Manovich identified user prototypes that emerged to a Web 2.0 content generators as amateurs, prosumers and pro-ams (professional amateurs) (Cayari, 2011). This essay will focus on prosumers.

The term “prosumer” is a contraction of words “producer” and “consumer”, which describes mostly youths who produce their own imagery drawn from their consumption of popular mass media (Duncum, 2011). They work as in how Jenkin would associate it as a “peer-to-peer culture” (P2P culture) and a “participatory culture” (Duncum, 2011). With inexpensive digital production tools and a wide range of online social platforms, reliable broadband speeds and hardware processing power, non-professional netizens are able to create their own content such as music or video sharing (2020 Media Futures, n.d.). Matt Hills explained that ‘nomadic’ digital communication devices has made self-expression and articulations of self-identity possible (Creeber and Martin, 2009). While the quality of content productions are mostly low and not intended as a business, some professional quality contents are created by non-professionals that gained recognition within industry circles and hence, giving these non-professional makers a career opportunity in cultural industries (2020 Media Futures, n.d.).

YouTube – A Participatory Culture

YouTube, officially launched in June 2005 is created by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen and Jawed Karim who were formerly employees at PayPal (Burgess and Green, 2009). ‘Broadcast Yourself’ was a former slogan retired in 2012 conjuring images of people taking the opportunity for self-express and grabbing controls of media production and distribution (Mueller, 2013). Providing with a simple, integrated interface, YouTube enables users to unlimitedly upload and view streaming videos without high technical knowledge and within technical constraints of standard browser software and relatively modest bandwidth (Burgess and Green, 2009). It also offers basic community functions including linking videos to other users and providing URLs and HTML code that allow videos to be easily embedded into other websites (Burgess and Green, 2009).

As this video hosting and sharing platform site is an ideal example of a media platform displaying the characteristic of Web 2.0 model, YouTube is considered a part of the participatory culture (Mueller, 2013). Jenkins defined “participatory culture” as a culture with moderately low boundaries to imaginative expressions and metro engagements, solid backing for making and sharing manifestations, and some kind of casual mentorship whereby experienced members go along information to locals (Duncum, 2011). Additionally, they trust their contributions and at some point, feel the association level with others (Duncum, 2011). Muller also regarded YouTube as the very first culture space of community building and shared experience (Duncum, 2011). On YouTube, participants do engage in terms of ‘publishing’ as a means to narrate and communicate their own cultural experiences as ‘citizen-consumers’, which are bound up with commercial popular media (Burgess and Green, 2009).

A YouTube personality or a “YouTuber”, can be any YouTube user who uploads and shares their video contents on the website (Vlog Nation, n.d.). They document their life and dominate most of the YouTube community, practically having their life out on social media (Quigley, 2014). Hence, it is claimed that what was once considered a privacy, confined in a bedroom with friends is now open for the view of the public (Duncum, 2011). Although videoblogging or “vlogging” is a dominant form of user-created content and a major part of the YouTube community, not all vlogs are necessarily personal journal entries created in bedrooms (Burgess and Green, 2009). In fact, there are other genres including user-created music videos, live materials such as concerts, and informational contents like interviews (Burgess and Green, 2009).

An example of a YouTube prosumer or a “Youtuber” can be an ordinary teenager musician. For instance, Wade who grew up in a musical background created an account on YouTube to subscribe musicians’ channels to keep himself updated (Cayari, 2011). Inspired by YouTube musicians, Wade decided to create his own video content under the genre of music (Cayari, 2011). From here, YouTube can be seen as a participatory cultural site where users can create, share and connect with others around the content (Simon, 2010). In addition, with the advantages of personal computing technology, multimedia processing, storage and networking capability, the Internet role really pays off as one can create and publish their own masterpiece independently from traditional models of mass media production (Mueller, 2013). Wade’s skills in terms of digital literacy and video editing aside from his musical talent improved as he began to make more videos including Time, tracked with original songs (Cayari, 2009).

As tracking is an editing technique involving overlapping more than one video or audio track, Time became Wade’s most impressive masterpiece (Cayari, 2009). It attracted viewers who reacted differently; some planning to subscribe to him while others felt awkward with Wade’s eye contact with the camera (Cayari, 2009). Wade’s number of subscribers continued to increase tremendously from 64 to 390 after his cover was featured on, Jacqueline’s, a well-known YouTube personality channel (Cayari, 2009). His fan base continue to grow as he also began participating events such as YouTube Live! 2008 and Extravaganza while creating more video contents on his trip (Cayari, 2009).

From Wade’s story, Henry Jenkins’s point of participatory culture is accepted as it a democratic ideal is indeed promoted by reducing barriers for anyone’s entry to create new incentives for participation, distinctively from the traditional monetary rewards of capitalist system (Mueller, 2013). It also shows peer-to-peer production in which users have equal participation chances and self-selection in deciding roles, instead of from authority figures, and the work created is judged by viewers through communal validation process (Mueller, 2013). Besides, his success story also indicated that the talented but undiscovered YouTubers can take the leap from an ordinary world to a bona fide media world (Burgess and Green, 2009).

Based on Henry Jenkins’s blog, participatory culture is meant to contrast with the older notions of media spectatorship (Jenkins, 2006). At one point, society has traditionally understood the distribution in the mass media era where information is conveyed by major corporations who controls the contents (Owens, 2014). However with the emerging media system today, what might be understood in a traditional way as media producers is that consumers who become participants and are expected to interact according to the new trend which no one fully understands (Jenkins, 2006).

Yet, it is undeniable that the rising of mobile image-making technology into our daily lives does not exclude flash points and moral panics as well as critiques (Creeber and Martin, 2009). There’s still a hybrid system not only moulded top-down by corporate players but bottom-up by networks of ordinary people who pursue to shift which matters to them in the media across social media, using it either legally or illegally (Owens, 2014). This causes an unexplained disruption, transforming media-related practices which depends intensively on metaphors of infection and assumptions of irrationality (Owens, 2014). However beyond headlines and spectacular transgressions, the increase in online sharing of UGC shows that this digital culture will produce more media content providers and generators in the history (Creeber and Martin, 2009). On the other hand, Graeme Turner argued that the participation of ordinary people as potential or temporary celebrities in mass media indicates ‘demoticization’ rather than ‘democratization’ of the media (Burgess and Green, 2009).

In order to understand YouTube as a popular culture, we shouldn’t distinct professional and amateur productions, or between commercial and community practices (Burgess and Green, 2009). UGC may lack media professionalism as it’s often being relatively low-resolution, a non-broadcast-quality digital ‘reality footage’ but this ‘underground’ media-making culture does have its own worth and connotations of rebellious authenticity, opposing to the professional and high-gloss values of the media mainstream (Creeber and Martin, 2009). Hence, it should be made clear that whoever who uploads, view, comment, or create a content on YouTube are considered as participants regardless being an individual or an organization (Burgess and Green. 2009).

My first reaction to this assignment was if I actually believed in subliminal messages myself. I decided I didn’t but after I did further research, I was shocked. I watched you-tube videos and looked at pictures online of advertising. The biggest shock I found was in the Disney movies. After replaying certain scenes in movies I witnessed subliminal messaging first hand. Most of the messages were sexual references and I was actually quite disturbed by it.

For example, in a scene of “The Little Mermaid”, as Arial was walking up to the podium with her husband to be the priest got an erection. You can clearly see it happening. I never noticed it before until I started doing research on subliminal messaging. I did further research on other Disney animated movies and I found that there were a lot more ‘sexual’ subliminal messages in the movies and advertising that you don’t notice unless you are actually paying attention. Which brings me to my next point, Dr.

Brahrami states “If the brain is busy it can filter our subliminal things. The brains response to subliminal messages is not automatic and depends on how much attention the person is paying”. And that’s when I decided I completely agree. I think since I was actually paying attention and watching out for subliminal messages, I could see them. Most of the time when I’m watching movies I don’t see the sexual, demon or drug related messages companies are putting in their movies and advertising.

Which leads me to my question, why would a company based on children put sexual things in a movie made for kids?! Well, then I started to think it was a coincidence to I did more research and found out there was a huge debate during this time when the Arial scene with the priest came out. What I found was that it was the priest’s knee. So for my conclusion of this paper, I think you interpret what you want to see. If your brain is actually searching for these messages, your brain will see what it wants to see.

Jordan-based media platform which aims to redefine Arabic web content with its youth-targeted “edgy and innovative” video shows, has raised US$5 million in an investment round led by Wamda Capital, with participation from Dash Ventures and Endeavor Catalyst. With around 82 million monthly views in the region, and almost 12.5 million subscribers across its platforms, this is Kharabeesh’s third fundraising after previous funding rounds in 2011 and 2014. The deal marks the first investment in Jordan for Endeavor Catalyst, a co-investment fund set up by the Endeavor network to exclusively invest in companies led by

Proud of our at for securing $5M investment. Well deserved!

— EndeavorJo (@EndeavorJo)

Commenting on the fundraising, Mohammed Asfour, CEO, Kharabeesh, said in a statement that the investment will help the company achieve their “goals in expanding geographically, taking on new team members and devoting increased resources towards marketing and content creation.” Backing up the startup’s business proposition, Chairman and CEO, Wamda Capital added that Kharabeesh is “reshaping the way entertainment content is produced and consumed in the Arab region,” given that the region’s per capita consumption rate of YouTube is “highest in the world.”

Launched in 2008, Kharabeesh earned accreditation from YouTube in 2014, becoming MENA region’s first YouTube multi-channel network to obtain such a certification. This has helped Kharabeesh attract new-generation creative and digital talent with their Partnership programs, under which partners create/co-create hosted on Kharabeesh platforms, and are offered advisory services such as analytics management and monetization techniques. Kharabeesh’s productions are hosted in their various YouTube channels including Kharabeesh Cartoons, Kharabeesh Comedy, Kharabeesh Street and others. The platform also runs educational programs to assist and train individuals and corporate to create YouTube content.

Case 2: YouTube Case Questions 1. Do a SWOT analysis of YouTube in India.

Internal| Strengths * The site is very user-friendly and video uploads are easy * Launching a localized YouTube site that contained local promoted videos, featured videos, localized user interface * Using digital hash technology for copyrighting protection | Weaknesses * User created content is not really that popular or well crafted * Copyrighted material is not allowed to be uploaded onto the site * Only including some Indian languages and not all Indian languages on the site| External| Opportunities * Expand viewer content to include a larger age range of viewers * Customizing to local preference to attract more users * Entered into various partnerships with Indian TV networks and film produces that would suit the local taste| Threats * Competition from Google’s social networking site Orkut and local Indian portals offering local content * Local music labels in India suing YouTube * Receiving criticism from fundamentalist groups regarding its contents * Facebook, Twitter, and Flickr| 2. Assess YouTube’s growth through alliances and partnerships. YouTube has grown by forging partnerships with various companies and providing entertainment that suit the local taste and preferences of the host county. 3. Assess the company’s localizing strategy.

Do you recommend that YouTube “localize” when entering other countries? YouTube India provides users with relevant content and a platform to share its unique and diverse culture and lifestyle. India was the 20th country that YouTube had launched a localized site for. I recommend that YouTube “localize” when entering other countries, because India has benefited from an entirely local experience highlighting content and functionality most desired by the Indian users. 4. What are the problems YouTube is experiencing in India? Local music labels in India had sued YouTube for hosting its product. In addition, the site received criticism from fundamentalist groups regarding its contents.

YouTube, the Google-owned video network, boasts  — almost one-third of all people on the internet — and every day people watch hundreds of millions of hours on YouTube and generate billions of views. On mobile alone, YouTube than any cable network in the U.S.

What’s amazing, though, is that only in the U.S. are actively using YouTube, and my hunch is that figure would be pretty accurate worldwide, too.

So, why aren’t businesses investing in YouTube?

In short, because than a blog post or an image. Or at least that’s the perception many of us have.

In reality, though, video is becoming much easier and cheaper to create. This means there’s a huge opportunity for your business on YouTube.

If you’ve been debating getting started on or have maybe experimented a little and not yet found your feet, this post is for you. Throughout this post we’ll dive into:

• The basics of getting your account set up
• How to create a YouTube channel
• How to create the perfect channel art
• Top tips for optimizing your channel

Ready to start? Let’s go.

How to create a YouTube channel

Creating a YouTube channel using your Google account

If you have a Google account, you can watch, share and comment on YouTube content. However, Google accounts don’t automatically create YouTube channels. Getting a new channel set up is a simple and quick process, though.

1. Go to YouTube and sign in

Head over to and click ‘sign in’ in the top right corner of the page:

Then log in using the Google Account you’d like your channel to be associated with:

2. Head over to your YouTube settings

In the top right corner of the screen, click on your profile icon and then the ‘Settings’ cog icon.

3. Create your channel

Under your settings, you’ll see the option to “Create a channel,” click on this link:

Next, you’ll have the option to create a personal channel or a create a channel using a business or other name. For this example, we’ll choose the business option:

Now, it’s time to name your channel and select a category. The channel options available include:

• Product or Brand
• Company Institution or Organization
• Arts, Entertainment or Sports
• Other

Note: a new Google+ page will also be created for your brand.

Congratulations! You’ve just created a new YouTube channel.

Next, let’s fill out all the information and create some channel art to get your page looking awesome.

How to create a YouTube channel if you don’t already have a Google account

If you don’t already have a Google account set up, you’ll need to create one before you get started on YouTube. To do this, simply follow the below steps:

1. Head to
2. Click ‘sign in’
3. Now, choose the option to create a Google account
4. Follow the steps to create your Google account

Now, you’re all set up with a Google account and can follow the above steps to create a YouTube channel.

How to create YouTube channel art

YouTube channel art is essentially YouTube’s version of the . Channel art features in a prominent place on your YouTube channel, which means it’s absolutely vital for any YouTube channel to use customized art to share your personality or more about your brand with your audience.

Gary is well-known for his public speaking at conferences and for sharing all he knows about marketing and building businesses with his audience. This is reflected in his cover photo, which displays Gary in mid-flow giving a presentation at what seems to be a large event. The inclusion of his handle @garyvee helps users to identify him on other social chanels and his signature branding makes the art feel personal.

Here’s what you need to know to create striking YouTube channel art…

The perfect sizes for YouTube channel art

The best place to start with your channel art is with the optimal image size that works across multiple devices. For the best results, uploading a single 2560 x 1440 pixel image.

• Minimum width: 2048 X 1152 px. This is the “safe area,” where text and logos are guaranteed not to be cut off when displayed on different devices.
• Maximum width: 2560 X 423 px. This means that the “safe area” is always visible; the areas to each side of the channel art are visible depending on the viewer’s browser size.
• File size: 4MB or smaller recommended.

YouTube also supplies a in both PNG and PSD formats to help your figure out the perfect layout for your channel are and how it’ll look across platforms:

Here’s an example of how I used this template to create some channel art for the Buffer YouTube account:

And here’s how it looks across various platforms:

2 top tips for YouTube channel art

1. Ensure any text and logos are within the safe area

The text and logo safe area is the 1546 x 423 pixel space at the center of the YouTube channel art template. This is the area that will be displayed on YouTube when your channel is viewed on desktop screens.

Be careful to ensure any important information such as branding, text, taglines and key images are within this space so that it’s always displayed as part of your channel art across every device.

2. Consider your channel links

YouTube enables you to add links to your channel and these are displayed in the bottom right corner of your channel art. For example, check the bottom right of the channel art below:

When creating your channel art, it’s important to think about the space these links take up and ensure you don’t have anything important (such as logos) occupying that space within your design.

How to add art to your YouTube channel

If you’re just setting up your YouTube channel, you’ll notice the channel art space is blank with a clear call to action to add your art:

Once you’ve clicked this link, you’ll see a popup window that gives you the option to upload your own custom channel art. If you’d like to, you can also choose to use one of YouTube’s templates from the “Gallery” or choose to upload one of your photos from Google+.

Adjusting the crop

Once you’ve uploaded your channel art, YouTube allows you to adjust the cropping of your image so that you can ensure it’s all lined up correctly.

This crop screen is very handy for checking how your design will look on various platforms. The clear section in the middle of the grid shows you the content that will be displayed on mobile and desktop and the rest of the image shows the image that will be displayed on TVs.

Once you’re happy with the way your cover art looks, click “select” and your channel art will be added to your channel and saved.

Changing your current channel art

If you already have some channel art in place and would like to update it, head over to your channel homepage. From here, move your mouse over your cover art and you’ll notice a little edit button appear in the top right-hand corner:

Once you’ve clicked on this icon, you can update your channel art.

How to add your channel icon

Each channel also has space for a profile icon. Your channel icon shows over your channel art banner. It’s the icon that shows next to your videos and channel on YouTube watch pages. The key here is to select something that will look good at very small resolutions — many brands opt to use their logo here.

Your channel icon should be 800 x 800 pixels and one of the following formats: JPG, GIF, BMP or PNG file (no animated GIFs).

To update your channel icon, head to your channel homepage and hover over your current channel icon until you see the edit icon appear. Click on that icon and you’ll be able to upload a new icon:

5 ways to enhance your channel

1. Optimize your description

YouTube gives you a space on your channel to write a little about your brand and the content you share on YouTube. The description is limited to 1,000 characters, so you have a little room to be creative here.

The copy in your channel description won’t just appear on your channel page. It’s indexed by search engines and can also be featured across YouTube in suggested channel categories. A good tactic is to include some relevant keywords and CTAs within the opening lines of your description.

2. Add links to your channel

We briefly mentioned channel links earlier in this post and I’d love to share with you how to add these links in 4 super-quick steps:

1. The first step is to head to your channel homepage and click on the ‘cog’ icon next to your subscriber count:

2. Next, you’ll see a Channel Settings lightbox appear. Here you need to toggle on the option labeled “Customize the layout of your channel”

3. Now that you’ve enabled customizations on your channel, pop back to your channel homepage and you’ll now see the option to “Edit Links” under the settings menu on your cover art:

4. Click the “Edit Links” option and you’ll then be taken to the “About” section of your channel. Here you’ll have the option to add links and choose how many are displayed over your cover art:

3. Add a channel trailer

As soon as visitors land on your channel, you want to give them a picture of the type of content your channel covers and why they’ll want to subscribe and check out your videos. A channel trailer is the perfect way to do this.

A short, to-the-point channel trailer can be a great way to introduce people to your content. A channel trailer should grab attention as soon as it starts and also represent the type of content you create on YouTube.

It’s also important to think about the description you add to this video as it features prominently on your channel homepage.

(These trailers only appear for people who are not yet subscribed to your channel.)

Here are a couple of great examples:

4. Add your contact details (email address)

If you’re using YouTube as a business or a creator, it can be great to have your contact details on hand for anyone who is interested in your work. YouTube has a section on each channel profile for you to list your contact details for business inquiries.

Related: 

This can be found under the “About” section of your channel. To find it, go to your channel homepage, click “About” from the navigation and then scroll down to “Details.” Here you’ll see the option to share your email address:

The following excerpt is from Wendy Keller’s book . Buy it now from | |

If you’ve decided you want to create a video to promote your business, you need to ask yourself a few questions before you get started:

• Will your video be used to post on your branded YouTube channel, your website or another site in hopes of attracting more prospects?
• Will you use a video as a freemium to attract people or as a pre­mium to incentivize people to buy?
• Will you use it to train or teach someone how to get more out of your product or service?
• Do you want to create video blogs (called “vlogs”)?
• Will you use the video as an intro for new customers? For instance, will it be a welcome video that tells them how to access the informa­tion they just bought while giving them an opportunity to see your smiling face?
• Do you want people to pay you to view it, as one would for an online training?

Once you’ve decided the purpose of your video, creating it will be easy.

Related: 

Follow these 10 steps to successfully film your video:

1. Recording decisions 

Decide how you’ll record your video. You can do it on your cell phone and even pick up a cheap selfie stick so you can hold your phone further from your body than you can with just your arm. The fancy ones come with a plug that makes it easier to press the on/off button while recording. I have a client who does several videos a week with just his smartphone and a selfie stick. If you decide to do it that way, you can skip several of the next steps.

2. Equipment (camera, lights) 

If you plan to do a lot of videos and you want high quality, buy a good video camera. If you choose to buy a camera, also buy a lapel microphone with a 25-foot cord and a tripod.

You also want to get yourself a three-light kit that has square lights. The three-light kits, which vary in price, are called “soft boxes,” and they come with a cover that you can put over the bulbs. This will save your eyes and make the lights easier to adjust to so you get just the effect you want.

There are many excellent tutorials online about how to set up the lights and background. Look at some of the most popular videos on YouTube, and you’ll see the variety of ways people light themselves, how far they stand from the camera lens, and how much they move (not much in most cases!). Once you’ve figured out what lighting works best in your space, diagram the positions on a piece of paper so you can easily replicate what you have learned.

If you’re not using a light kit, film in the daytime near a window. Put the camera between yourself and the window so your face is illuminated but it’s not so bright that it’s hard to see you. You don’t want to look washed out, and you don’t want the shadow of the camera to be on you or your background. Viewers want to be able to look in your eyes to judge your sincerity. The more that your audience can read your micro-gestures, the more you’ll prove your authority and sincerity.

3. Where to film 

Decide where you want to film. Indoors? Outdoors? In a formal studio you create or rent? In front of something symbolic? Think about the background your audience will see. Is it interesting but not distracting? It’s better to not be flat against a wall, or to have anything reflective right behind you, e.g., a piece of framed artwork. Even though you may not see the glare, the camera will, especially if you’re using lights. It’s difficult to record outside, where your viewers will be hearing barking dogs, airplanes, cars, sirens, children and other people talking and because these same sounds may distract you. Unless it’s part of your brand to be outside, it’s probably better to do it inside a quiet space where you can control the ambient noise.

Related: 

4. What to wear 

Think about the impression you want to make. The rule of thumb is to never wear stripes or small patterns (because they’ll show up blurry); solid bright red or orange (because it will wash you out when you add the effect of lights); or glittery eye shadow or lipstick. The clothes you choose will immediately convey a message.

Light-skinned people should wear a dark contrasting color, especially near your face, especially if you’ll be filming against a pale or white background. Blue is always good. Consider adding a splash of a bright color, like a politician with a red tie. Darker-skinned people should consider pastels to highlight and attract attention to the face. The colors will show up slightly different on different computers, laptops, smartphones and other viewing devices.

5. How to prepare your content 

Are you an off-the-cuff speaker who can talk passionately after just seeing some notes or bullet points? Or do you require a script or maybe even a teleprompter?

I’m in the former group, so I take a gigantic white board and write in large letters the main points I want to cover in the video. I hang it just a little higher than the camera on the tripod — in the place where the eyes of the cameraman would be if there was one. Then I just glance at it to make sure I cover all my intended points in the right order. You could also use those flip charts that have sticky backgrounds and put them as cue cards on the wall behind your camera.

You can rent a teleprompter (expensive) or set up your laptop or iPad to become one. There are many different apps and software programs available to do that. No matter what, the important detail when using notes, flip chart pages, a white board or a teleprompter is not to move your eyes back and forth as you read the lines.

6. Countdown to action 

Look in a mirror before you start filming. Pretend you’re on your way to the most important meeting of your life. Do you look “right”? No sparkly stuff? A dab of makeup will cover that razor nick you got this morning or that pimple you were hoping wouldn’t happen. Do your eyes look awake? Take some deep breaths. Practice smiling widely.

7. Camera settings 

Plug in the microphone, and turn on the record function. Get into position. I mark my position on the floor with a piece of tape, record a few moments of talking, replay it and check to be sure my background and I are both lit properly and focused. Delete the trial video to save space on your memory card, if you’re using one.

8. Get ready to record

Turn on the microphone again. Get in the right position again. Take at least one slow deep breath. Smile and count to five slowly in your head. Look right into the camera or slightly above it. Start talking. If you flub somewhere, just go back to the last point you remember and start over. Remember to smile and count before you begin again. This will make it far easier to edit.

9. Call-to-action

Be certain to end with some kind of call to action. It could be, “Go to our website at www.[whateveritis].com to learn more” or “Get your free copy of my ebook [title] by clicking here now…” Or “To find out more, call the number on your screen.”

10. Polishing and profiting from your video content 

Now you can transfer the video to a computer or a thumb drive. When you’re done, you can render the video through a variety of programs. We use a simple editing program called . I found it very easy to learn and use.

If you feel nervous or don’t want to attempt film editing, I suggest you place an ad on ,  and on for an experienced film editor. Check some samples of the editor’s work. When you’ve found the right person, you can give them the file and have it properly edited without learning any new software yourself. Note: Always make sure you keep the original file for yourself, just in case.

Related: 

Now upload it to the server so the public can see it. We host our videos on , then take the embed link and stick it on , in our component on one of our WordPress websites, on or actually onto a page on the website, depending on how we want our customer or prospect to see it.  

This is how you can easily create video content. Now you can use and repurpose it however you desire.

An electronic copy of your assessment must be fully uploaded by the deadline date and time. You must submit one single PDF or MS Office Word document. Any relevant images or screenshots must be included within the same MS Office Word or PDF document. The last version you upload will be the one that is marked. The file size must not exceed 20MB. Answer the criteria in order, clearly indicating the CRITERIA number. Ensure that all work has been proof-read and checked prior to submission.

Ensure that the layout of your documents are in a professional format with font style Arial, font size 12 for the text, font 14 for sub heading and font 16 for main heading, line spacing 1. 5 and justified. Use the Harvard referencing system and provide references [e. g. (Smith, 2011)] within the text and an entry in a references list. Otherwise it will be considered as plagiarised work. Ensure that you back-up your work regularly and apply version control to your documents. Ensure that any file you upload is virus-free, not corrupted and not protected by a password otherwise they will be treated as a non-submission.

You must NOT submit a paper copy or email of this assessment to any member of staff at LSST. Your work must be original with the appropriate referencing HND Bus-Unit 15/ MBAAR Feb 2013 RESIT 2|Page London School of Science & Technology WHAT TO DO: You are required to read the following scenario and attempt all tasks given in the table below by relating your response to the context of the given organisation in the scenario. CASE STUDY Imagine you are the Operations Manager at the BMW Headquarters in Munich.

You have been asked by the Board of Directors to review the below business activities to improve the operations, quality and efficiency of a BMW manufacturing plant in the UK. Your review will be used by the Board of Directors to improve the operational activities such as BMW’s business functions, processes and quality standards to achieve better results in 2014. The review should be structured to cover areas of: TASK 1 – Business processes in delivering outcomes based upon business goals and objectives. TASK 2 – Plans for own areas of responsibility for managing business activities.

TASK 3 – Monitoring appropriate systems to improve organisational performance. TASK 4 – Managing health and safety in the workplace. Due to the continuous changing nature and complexity of managing business activities within an organisation, you are required to research, gather and present the appropriate information. This will include the use of management theories and practical examples applicable to BMW company. You are to present your responses in a detailed report format to fulfill each Pass Criteria with appropriate Harvard Referencing technique for the tasks below.

Additional Information/Advice: A support textbook is also available for this Unit, which you may find helpful to explore theoretical knowledge and understanding. You may also access the following links to carry out your further research to support your responses with some practical examples in the context of BMW company. YouTube – Official International BMW Channel http://www. youtube. com/user/BMW CNBC Documentary – BMW Quality Processes http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=OPSCh3Ys_B8 National Geographic – BMW – Megafactories Series Documentary http://www. youtube. com/watch? =kk98q1N4XXI HND Bus-Unit 15/ MBAAR Feb 2013 RESIT 3|Page London School of Science & Technology PART A – PASS CRITERIA ONLY Pass In order to achieve Pass, students must achieve all the pass criteria below. TASK 1: Business processes in delivering outcomes based upon business goals and objectives. PASS CRITERIA 1. 1 (Approx. 150 words) Recommended interim deadline 9th March Describe briefly the importance of two core organisational functions and evaluate the interrelationship between these functions in managing business activities to achieve results in a company like BMW.

Guidelines: In order to complete the above task, your answer should:

• Include a definition of what operations management is as a function. Identify the two most important functions for business operations at BMW.
• Establish the interrelationship between at least two chosen functions above and evaluate how each function operates, interacts and supports to each other in operation.
• Bear in mind, your response should relate to the given company BMW in the scenario.

In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criterion:Evaluate the interrelationship between the different processes and functions of the organisation. PASS CRITERIA 1. 2 (Approx. 150 words) Recommended interim deadline 15th March Explain the adopted economic system approach (i. e. input – output model) including transformation process within BMW and evaluate the effectiveness of the used forms of transformation process to achieve operational objectives.

Guidelines: In order to complete the above task, your answer should:

•  Provide evidence to demonstrate the adopted system approach such as input, output and method of transformation. Expand your thoughts into “the transformation process” of operations management including at least one example for each material, customer and information processing operations.
•  Describe the effectiveness of the used forms of transformation processes to the context of the operation to map processes for achieving operational objectives.
•  Bear in mind, your response should relate to the given company BMW in the scenario. In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criterion: 1. 2 Justify the methodology to be used to map processes to the organisation’s goals and objectives.

PASS CRITERIA 1. 3 (Approx. 150 words) Recommended interim deadline 24th March Describe the role of quality gateways in mapping operational processes and evaluate how processes can be designed in order to achieve targeted output, using BMW as an example. Guidelines In order to complete the above task, your answer should:

•  Include the meaning of quality gateways and discuss its role in transformation process.
•  Include the content of a ‘process map model’ in your response if required. HND Bus-Unit 15/ MBAAR Feb 2013 RESIT 4|Page London School of Science & Technology
•  Evaluate how quality gateways will help to map the operational processes in order to achieve targeted output. Relate to the given company BMW in the scenario.

In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criterion: 1. 3 Evaluate the output of the process and the quality gateways. TASK 2: Plans for own areas of responsibility for managing business activities. PASS CRITERIA 2. 1-2 (Approx. 150 words) Recommended interim deadline 11th April Briefly explain what you understand by setting up ‘SMART Objectives’. Write two SMART objectives that BMW should embrace to improve quality.

Create one operational plan with five stages for one of the above SMART objectives by applying MBO or Planning Hierarchy and Planning Process Models. Guidelines In order to complete the above task, your answer should:

• Include at least two SMART objectives for BMW and explain why they are SMART.
• Review the concept of MBO again in setting your smart objectives to align people and other resources in an efficient and effective way.
• Your plan should promote collective goals and objectives by applying MBO or Planning Hierarchy and Planning Process Models.

In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criterion: 2. 1 Design plans which promote goals and objectives for own area of responsibility. 2. 2 Write objectives, which are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-based to align people and other resources in an effective and efficient way. PASS CRITERIA 2. 3 (Approx. 150 words) Recommended interim deadline 20th April Identify two appropriate systems and explain how they can be implemented effectively in order to achieve the set SMART objectives by meeting organisational standard of quality.

Guidelines In order to complete the above task, your answer should:

•  Include systems such as ‘accounting/finance system’, ‘management information system’, EDI, ERP, SCM, CRM, the quality system’, ‘CPA (Critical Path Analysis) and PERT (Project Evaluation & Review Techniques) etc.
•  Consider at least two appropriate systems given above and explain their effectiveness to achieve the set objectives in most efficient way.
• Relate to the given company BMW in the scenario.

In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criterion: 2. Implement appropriate systems to achieve objectives in the most efficient way, on time, to budget and meeting organisational standards of quality. HND Bus-Unit 15/ MBAAR Feb 2013 RESIT 5|Page London School of Science & Technology PASS CRITERIA 2. 4 (Approx. 150 words) Recommended interim deadline 23rd April Identify the Project Planning model/tools and discuss how you utilise one of these techniques either (i) Project Evaluation & Review Techniques (PERT) or (ii) Critical Path Analysis (CPA) to monitor and control the entire project operation.

Guidelines In order to complete the above task, your answer should:

• Include the aim of the project planning for managers and discuss the tools involved in project planning process applicable to BMW.
•  Expand the response with brief explanation on how the planning tools such as Project Evaluation & Review Techniques (PERT) and Critical Path Analysis (CPA) can be used to monitor and control the entire project operation.
•  Use a diagram for planning tools if necessary.

In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criterion : 2. 4 Carry out work activities meeting the operational plan through effective monitoring and control. TASK 3: Monitoring appropriate systems to improve organisational performance. PASS CRITERIA 3. 1 (Approx. 150 words) Recommended interim deadline 29th April Explain what you understand by the concept of quality and analyse the implemented quality system in managing and monitoring quality standards within BMW.

Guidelines In order to complete the above task, your answer should: •Include a definition of quality and the role of quality concept to BMW. It is essential to recognise the various Quality Management System (QMS) such as Quality Circle, ISO 9000/EN29000 standards, Costs of Quality etc and assess the implication of these systems to the context of BMW. Pick two Quality Control systems at BMW as examples. In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criterion: 3. Design systems to manage and monitor quality standards specified by the organisation. PASS CRITERIA 3. 2-4 (Approx. 350 words) Recommended interim deadline 1st May Define the Total Quality Management (TQM) philosophy and explain how this philosophy can be used to increase quality and efficiency, and to reduce costs by creating a quality culture of improvement within BMW. Identify at least three required changes or improvements that you would suggest on the BMW quality system with your justification in order to create a sustainable quality culture for continuous improvement.

Guidelines In order to complete the above task, your answer should:  Explain the theory of TQM on how it helps to create a quality culture to ensure continuous monitoring, evaluation and development of the process within BMW. Support your view with some examples from BMW. • Include reference to Business Process Re-engineering for the three required changes. In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criteria: HND Bus-Unit 15/ MBAAR Feb 2013 RESIT 6|Page London School of Science & Technology 3. Demonstrate a quality culture to ensure continuous monitoring, evaluation and development of the process. 3. 3 Recommend improvements which align with the organisation’s objectives / goals resulting in improvements. 3. 4 Report on the wider implications of proposed changes within the organisation. TASK 4: Managing health and safety in the workplace PASS CRITERIA 4. 1-2 (Approx. 200 words) Recommended interim deadline 10th May Investigate how three different Health and Safety Acts and Regulations have been implemented within BMW and explain why BMW needs to carry out risk assessment as required by the legislation.

Guidelines In order to complete this task, your answer should: Show awareness and impact of relevant legislative requirements for the BMW.  Identify relevant three legislative regulations and explain the impact of these on health and safety procedures within BMW.  Consider how a risk assessment could be carried out and its impact on the organisation. In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criteria: 4. 1 Carry out risk assessments as required by legislation, regulation and organisational requirements ensuring appropriate action is taken. 4. Demonstrate that health and safety regulations and legislation applicable in specific work situations are correctly and effectively applied. PASS CRITERIA 4. 3-4 (Approx. 200 words) Recommended interim deadline 10th May Explain a procedure to identify hazards and risks in the organisation and discuss how this should be managed. Guidelines In order to complete this task, your answer should: • Include a procedure to identify and assess hazards and risks in BMW, and show how this would be managed.  Demonstrate that you can distinguish between a hazard [i. e. potential of harm] and a risk [i. . likelihood of harm caused by the hazard] within BMW.  Support your response by producing two examples of hazards and risks at assembly line of BMW manufacturing plant in the UK. In answering this question, you will have covered the following assessment criteria: 4. 3 Carry out a systematic review of organisational health and safety policies and procedures in order to ensure they are effective and compliant. 4. 4 Carry out practical application of health and safety policies and procedures in the workplace.