England

Northern England has a vary distributed population across the Northern area. Northern England is home to some very well known towns like Kendal, Barnard Castle and Hexham.

The diagram below shows the distribution of popuation in Northern England.

And as you can see the most populated areas are all situated all the East coast of the country, these include towns like Morpeth, Hexham and Alnwick. The further you work in land the less populated it gets until you reach the centre which is hardly populated at all and in fact only homes around 2% of Northern Englands population, this is less than 20 people per km2.

The Eastern Coast of the north east is where it is most populated with three diffferant parts of population. The ultra high density which homes around 33% of the North Population which again is over 400 people per km2, the secound part is of High density which homes around 35% of the Norths population this is between 40-400 people per km2 and finally the medium density which homes 30% North Englands population this is 20-40 people per km2.

The middle of the country, like the pennines area has hardly any of the population based here, it has less than 20 people per km2 which is 2% of the population. This area however takes up alot of the Northern land area, it is around 40%.

There are many factors which help us to understand the reason for the population distribution in Northern England, these include the following, Climate, Fertile Soil, Transport, Communications and job offers (ie- employment, which will attract alot of people).

The reason for High density distribution along the coast is because with being on the coast this is a excellant way of transport, for Industry (ie, like trading, export and inport, the countrys economy), this can also be used by locals and other countrys if they want to set up businesses. So the coast is a brilliant place for Industrys to set up because it cuts down on Transport costs, therefore the company will benefit. With Industry setting up here then this will attract alo of people because there will many Job others and homes will be set up near the Industry for the workers to live. A example of this is Teeside this homes alot of important Industrys like ICI and also has a new wastewater and sludge treatment plant which can serve over a population of 3.5 million and it will also cater for other difficult industrial effluents produced my Teeside Industry, for example it already hosts for ICI.

Also the Climate on the Coast isnt as cold as it is in the middle of the country which has very altitudes. The coast has areas of relatively flat land for building unlike the middle of the country which has alot of mountain areas like the Pennines. The largest Suburban housing estate is also based in Teeside called Ingly Barwick.Other towns of High Density in this area is Tyneside and Wearside. The reason for the places of High Density like Consett, South East Northumberland and Mid Durham is because of the the traditional mining and industrial towns that declined are now diversifying and attracting new investment.

This again will attract people for employment oppurtunities. And also with this area not beging ultra high density the scenery isnt as ugly (ugly meaning views of lots of Industrys), as the settlements consist of villages and small towns, this will also attract people as it is attractive. The soil is also very Fertile in these areas therefore large yields of crops will be produced to sustain the large population but also for profit.

As you move further inland the population density distribution decreases, a main reaon for this is because the land becomes less flat and more moutains occur like the Pennines. This makes it hard to build settlements and Industry. The only Industry in this area is sheep farming, because there is alot of land for the animals to shelter in bad weather. With this area being at such High altitudes this also affects the reason why people dont often live here, because the weather will be so cooled, and the high altitudes make it hard for communication to be set up. And as you can see from the picture below of the Pennines area the land is not very flat.

Areas like this that dont hold many people are places like Cheviots, Pennines and Cumbria. The only reasons that people may live here are for Farmling, Retirement or for the tourist industry as there are many attractive areas like the Lake District which attract many people from all over the world.

The soil in this area may also not be very fertile, so that the yeilds of groups are not very high. Unlike on the Coastal area where it is very populated. With the High Altitudes it is also very hard to build transport, like roads which would have very dangerous roads in the mountaind and hair pin bends which may cause alot of accidents, would be hard to build and mantain.Also building communication links like bridges would be very difficult and would probably cost a large of money to do so.

For Industry it would be hard to set up here because of a lack of flat land and the little areas of flat land are not good enough to expand on, and transport costs would be really high because the coast is far away and making railway lines and building airports is hard again because of the lack of flat land.

So the reason for the Density Distribution in North England is all down to the factors like Climate, Land Altitude, Transport, Vegetation, Siol Fertility, resources and communications. Thats why there is a distribution of population in the North of England.

England is an exciting country to visit and it also has a lot of interesting things to do such as: visit some beautiful beaches, go skiing, visit some famous places to see beautiful views. If you like countryside view, you can visit other small cities without London, you would enjoy the fresh air and pretty natural views . 1 Tourism In England If you want to go traveling or have a relaxing holiday, England is a good choice because it has many famous places which you should visit. Now I’m going to introduce to your mom famous places in England: * Tower Bridge: is one of the most attractive places to visit.

If you visit London, you should visit Tower Bridge because it’s like an important icon or view in London. If you don’t visit the tower bridge, your holiday in Uk won’t be a wonderful and very waste of your experiences in the Uk. It was built in 1894 by 50 architects and designers entered a competition to design a bridge. It took 8 years to built and 432 people – who did hard-working to built. When you stand from high – level walkways, you would see an underfed view of London and you also can gain a great understanding of how life would be of a bridge was built. Bucking Palace: is the Queen’s official London residence. It’s a big and luxury palace with 19 living rooms, 52 bedrooms for guest and royal family, 78 bathrooms, 188 staff rooms, 92 official rooms. It was built in 1703. Victoria Queen lived here from 1837. When you walk from the door of the palace go inside, you will see a central lake was called ” the heart of London “. When you walk around the central lake, you ill feel like losing in heaven because it’s has a wonderful and romantic view.

The dancer will be waving handkerchief and waving many small bells at their bases. Cotswold is the Morris dance is mildest. 

• In the Cambridge area, people dance Morris Molly’s style – which follows the nature of humor. This dancing style looks funnier because the male dancer is called ” Molly ” will be masquerading as a woman.
• In the northwest of England, the Morris dance looks more professional. The dancers will stand around to dancing and wearing handcuffs leg. Their clothes especially showy and has a lot of colors mixed together.

In conclusion, England is a rich country with a culture. It’s a very exciting place to visit and has many interesting to do. It really makes me attractive and wants to know more information about this culture. I hope one day I can visit England and gain some experience with the culture of this country. I hope everyone after reading my little bit information of England would have the same feeling and interest in too.

References

1. http://thousand.Com.Van/died-nay-tureen-thong-cue-NCO-ann.-la-gig/
2. http://vi.Wisped.Org/wick/Ann.

In the years after 1000 AD the cultural and social landscape of Ireland changed a great deal. The influx of foreigners in Ireland had intentions to control, settle, and exploit the people and land and had a profound effect on the otherwise autonomous peoples who existed there. Most people assume the first people to inhabit Ireland were the Celtic speaking natives, who arrived between 700 and 500 BC. However, the island has been inhabited since as far back as 8000BC when nomads crossed the Irish Sea from continental Europe on ice bridges.

Before the arrival of any other groups in Ireland the people of the island were very inward looking and not concerned with the events which took place in the rest of Europe. This paper will detail the effects that the newcomers had on the physical and social climate of Ireland and especially how and why the English were able to establish a control over the island which lasted for over 800 years. The primary unit of the Irish society was the family, each having its own lands. The source of power which gave rise to kingships and other forms of authority was cattle or other livestock given to families for use on their lands.

In return for this families pledged their loyalty and services to their superior, such as in battle. As a result cattle became the measure of wealth and not lands as it was in the rest of Europe. 2 There was no single authority in Ireland to whom all answered; rather, historians noted any number of kingships on the island at any time. The kings were constantly fighting amongst themselves in an attempt to gain power and wealth. Perhaps even more divisive was the infighting amongst their own families; often, even brothers would fight each other dividing the established hierarchy.

This created increased divisions between competing clans on the island and made any attempt to rule over it seemingly impossible as no Irishman was able to accomplish it. The Irish are naturally an open-minded and accepting people who have great respect for other cultures and traditions. The best example of this mentality is the spread of Christianity which St. Patrick introduced there beginning in 432AD. It must be noted that the spread of Christianity in Ireland was bloodless, unlike in many other parts of the world.

By peacefully accepting the new faith, elements of openness and tolerance are evident in their natural character. The Irish people’s actions were morally based on tradition and precedents set by their ancestors. They followed tradition very strictly when they warred with each other or had other disputes. Places such as monasteries were considered sacred, due to their strong belief in Christianity, and not to be interfered with when fighting took place. When a battle was won, the victor did not win the lands because tradition required that they stay in the possession of the family who tended them.

Instead, loyalty and influence was won. This shows the respect land held in Irish society, it could be said that land was too sacred to become a pawn in the games of warring men. The first record of a strong foreign presence in Ireland came in 795 AD when Vikings arrived. It was reported that heathens had come ashore to loot and kill. 5 Throughout the forty years that followed sporadic raids were reported in all parts of Ireland as the Vikings sailed inland on the rivers and continued to attack coastal settlements.

Similar raids were occurring at the same time in England and eventually it became evident to local populations on both islands that the goal of the raiders was shifting from bounty to settlement. 6 By the year 841 AD, the Vikings had established their own settlements on the island called Longphorts. These settlements were located on key waterways and used as a base from which to launch further attacks on the inland settlements of Ireland and on other areas of Europe, especially the island of England.

Settlements included what are now major urban centers of Ireland such as Waterford and Dublin, which was founded in 852. These towns proved to be an important development as they would become forever sources of the wealth associated with trade. After establishing themselves permanently in Ireland the Vikings became much more vulnerable to counter attacks from native peoples and soon became part of the infighting which took place between all who inhabited Ireland. 7 Due to the changing condition of their homeland the Irish people had become more advanced and inline with the developing societies of Europe.

They had been describe as “Tribal, rural, hierarchical and familiar” (In the sense of being family orientated) by one scholar but were quickly losing these traits. 8 Where it was once impossible to control lands or the kingdoms of other families, Irish leaders began to claim these kingdoms and lands in their name. Kings would capture Norse towns and hold them as their own; such acts were previously unheard of. 9 These actions occurred because the Norse had no knowledge of, or respect for the customs which were previously in place.

Therefore, if the Irish wished to hold off the ever-expanding foreigners, their towns would have to have been overtaken and held. As a result of the importance of holding lands and towns a feudal system began to develop in parts of Ireland. . It is not reasonable to expect the Irish to show the traditional respect to an enemy who showed none in return. The effects of the Viking influence on Irish tradition can easily be seen in how the natives fought their wars after the arrival of the outsiders.

No longer were certain things, such as monasteries, sacred and not to be interfered with. The Vikings upon first arrival were not Christian and so had no comprehension of the sanctity of monasteries, rather, they saw them as sources of great wealth and bounty. In order for the Irish to remain competitive in war they had to rebut in the same fashion. They did so by neglecting their traditions and attacking monasteries in Viking held positions. Viking kingdoms were established and were as active in the wars on the island as the clans who fought each other before their arrival.

As intermarriage blurred the distinguish ability of Viking communities from native communities the people were divided less and less by race and more by kingdoms with none becoming dominant over the island as a whole. By the 1150s the Vikings had become much less a foreigner as a people who were establishing their own kingdoms on the island which the three predominate families of the island tried to rule over The most notable Norse Kingdom is that of Dublin where the Vikings traded with much of Europe. 10 It was during such a time that the English presence began in Ireland.

In 1166 Dermot MacMorrough, a King of Leinster and Dublin, appealed to King Henry II of England to help him in his quest to regain his thrown and ultimately become king of all Ireland. The families he had ruled over did not whole-heartedly support him. As a result, when he stole the wife of another Irish king, O’Rourke of Breffni, the peoples who were to support him had an excuse not to. He was ousted in what had become a routine power shift like many which had occurred over the previous two centuries and was banished.

In his mind he felt abandoned by his allies and so he looked to England for help in regaining his position. 11 He went to England because he had influential contacts there whom he met while they were trading in Dublin, as many people from all over Europe did at that time. 12 Henry II, who was fighting his own wars in France, agreed to help with his own motives in mind. He realized the value of the trade rich coastal cities such as Dublin and Waterford and realized Dermot would be in his debt should his attempt at restoration be successful.

Henry himself was not able to help due to the battles he was involved with at the time. He drafted a letter addressed to all his subjects, who were many as he was the most powerful king in Europe at the time. In it he stated his approval for the cause of Dermot and encouraged all to aid him realizing that they went in his name. 13 Equipped with the letter of endorsement Dermot set out to recruit the force with which he would conquer Ireland. Using monies loaned to him by his wealthy friends and giving promises of lands and titles to those who helped him he was able to muster a small force.

He was also able to assure promises of more men in the coming years from someone who would become a predominant figure in the years to come, Richard fitz Gilbert also called Strongbow. This man was eager to help because he was out of favor with Henry as he did not support him in the English Civil War. To Strongbow Dermot promised his daughter in marriage, making him the heir to whatever territories they gained. Using his new allies, Dermot returned in 1167 and reinstated himself in his old capital where for the next two years he waged small scale wars against his old enemies.

As his enemies were still pre-occupied fighting each other he was able to regain most of his former lands and to live in peace as he awaited his next wave. 14 Having been the first Irishman to look to England for help in Ireland he was branded “Dermot of the foreigners” and is still considered the greatest traitor in Irish history as his invitation marked the beginning of the end of Irish sovereignty in the minds of many Irish. 15 It is tragic that the Irish peoples continued to fight against one another even after knowing that Dermot had aligned himself with the most powerful King Europe.

Should they have worked together to throw off the English the course of Irish history would have undoubtedly been different. They would have saved themselves from the centuries of horror and catastrophic neglect which were to follow. As promised, Dermot’s new allies arrived in Ireland in 1170 numbering nearly 2000 men. These newcomers held a tremendous advantage over the natives in the form of their advanced weapons. They possessed archers which proved to be an essential part of their success in the conquests that followed.

They soon gained control of strategic coastal cities where they established themselves and expanded from, mostly winning territories on the eastern half of Ireland and proceeding westward. 16 The Character of Dermot is one dominated by greed and selfishness but also fierce determination. In the city of Waterford Strongbow married Dermot’s daughter and secured his place as heir. Having effectively given what had become the highest position in Ireland to a foreigner it is easy to see why Dermot is seen as a traitor. Another account tells of how Dermot abandoned his own son for power.

As a condition for peace upon his arrival he gave his son to one of his enemies to be held as assurance that Dermot would not go on the offensive. 17 Knowing that his son would be killed he pressed on anyway. These actions show the greed and self-fulfilling character of Dermot, he wished to be King of the Irish at any cost. He cared only about his time and did not bother himself with what would become of his kingdom after his death when he could not personally benefit. Following Dermot’s death in 1171 Strongbow assumed control, however it was not a smooth transition.

Many natives did not recognize him as a legitimate king and rebelled against his authority. Strongbow was able to maintain control but it became increasingly difficult for him after Henry II, who was still unsure of his loyalty and motives, took measures to limit Strongbow’s control and future successes. Henry cut off supplies and reinforcements fearing Strongbow would establish a powerful rival regime so close to England. As a result the new regime had difficulty fending off the Irish who resented his presence and authority and they spent more time fending off attackers than expanding their influence. 8 Henry was not confidant that Ireland was under his control or that it did not pose a future threat even after Strongbow reaffirmed his loyalty to him and submitted the conquered lands to him. Henry decided to travel there and ensure that his objectives were accomplished; he was surprised and encouraged by the accomplishments of his countrymen and was confident that the entire island could be brought under his control.

There is evidence to suggest Henry anticipated battle as he brought with him the largest English army to date, 5000 men, and provisions to last them for months. 9 It is difficult to imagine the state of mind the Irish were in while anticipating the arrival of Henry, they would have undoubtedly realized the threat he posed to them and the power he possessed. The fear of what was to come would have weakened the resolve of the forces still trying to fend off the existing English. Henry finally arrived in Waterford in 1171 and became the first English king to set foot on Irish soil and immediately received the appropriate respect from the Irish. 0 The presence of his army was more useful than their skills or techniques as they did not have to fight a single battle.

All leaders of Ireland, except one high-king in the north-west, submitted to Henry knowing that if a battle was fought, they would not win. Due simply to his superior army Henry was able to conquer almost the entire island without fighting a single battle. Upon leaving Ireland Henry made his son John Lord of Ireland under who the leaders who had submitted to Henry ruled. When John became King of England Ireland was incorporated into the English Kingdom.

The implications of theses events would be felt throughout the rest of Ireland’s history. 21 When Henry II departed Ireland with poise he left behind him a new form of Ireland. Some new concepts were simple such as new foods he had introduced in an attempt to impress the subjugated Irish kings at a lavish dinner. He also effectively pushed most Irish and Viking inhabitants out of Dublin22. Others were more fundamental to the Irish way of life. A more strict enforcement of the evolving Christian church form was to take place in Ireland where it had not been adopted.

This was made possible because now the church could spread a uniform throughout a single Kingdom. The new form of the church was adopted by the Irish and has shaped the faith of the Irish ever since. Even later when the English reformed and become Protestant the Irish remained Catholic. 23 This fundamental divide has shaped relations between Ireland and her authority to the current time. It is seen in the bitter relationship between the Catholic Irish Republic and the Protestant Northern Ireland, which remains part of Great Britain even now.

This difference was a focal point of the separation of the two in 1922 as many inhabitants Northern Ireland were of English backgrounds whose ancestors had settled there and been upper-class citizens. The concept of feudalism was spread after Henry departed, this would prove to be a source of discontent among the Irish for the remainder of their subjugation. Two English Lords were appointed by Henry, given lands which belonged to Irishmen. They established feudal regimes in their territories as the remaining Irish kings continued in their traditional fashion. 4 Eventually, despite strong political and physical opposition from the Irish, the concept was spread throughout the entire island and the plight of the Irish took full effect. The fact that the Irish, along with their customs and heritage, were thrown aside in order for the egos and greed of the Kings men to be satisfied is unsettling. The English portrayed the Irish as uncivil and barbaric, but to in reviewing the English behavior treatment of the natives a paradox is seen. Henry also began a long and merciless neglect and exploitation of the Irish people and their land and crop rights.

All Irish Kings and English Lords he had put in place had to pay a tax to him. The payment of this tax would become another focal point in English-Irish relations. The most evident example of this came in 1845-1847 when many Irish were forced to leave their homelands due to famine. The potato famine caused over one million people to leave from 1847-1851 and the deaths of tens of thousands due to starvation. 25 The Irish starved because they were forced to export their crops, such as corn, to England as a tax.

In most years this left them with little more than potatoes to eat and when they did not grow the deprivation took its toll. If the taxes have been forgiven in these years the displacement and death of over a million Irish could have been prevented. The Irish world was self-concerned and to an extent underdeveloped before the arrival of any foreign people, when power was finally returned to the Irish people in 1922 the entire landscape had changed. The distressing point in this fact is that the Irish had very little to do with shaping their country for over 800 years, instead it was shaped by the prerogatives of outsiders.

The foreigners to settle in Ireland did also leave some positive marks such as key cities, trade partnerships, and the development of Irish nationalism. The most apparent sign of English influence today is that they remain the highest authority in Northern Ireland. If any lessons are to be learned from how the Irish handled the arrival of the Vikings and the English it is that a country divided against itself will fall. If they have worked together the fate of the Irish people, and Europe, would have been much different.

At first England is referred to as, ‘This other Eden, deem-paradise/ This fortress built by nature for herself’ (2. 1, p. 677-720, 41-44). Gaunt compared the garden of England to the Garden of Eden, Gods Garden! Soon that image is destroyed with descriptions of England defeating itself, much like pests and rodents destroying a garden from the inside out. Referencing both the Garden Of Eden and the internal destruction of the garden, it is obvious that this speech is more than just rambling about flowers and bugs.

Describing England as much more than just place to live while also commenting how it is those that live in England that will destroy it is much more religious than some might think. While in the Duke of Works garden, it becomes evident who the “pests” of the garden really are. King Richard and his merry men are the parasites that are destroying the Garden of England. “When our sea walled garden, the whole land is full of weeds/ Her fairest flowers choked up, her fruit trees all unpinned/ Her hedges ruined, her knots disordered and her wholesome herbs swarming with caterpillars (3. , p. 1836-1919, 40-46). In the same scene on lines 51-65, it is made clear that it is the king that has not trimmed and dressed his land. While he does not directly come out and say the word, “garden”, Blinkered speaks of the, “Caterpillars of the commonwealth/ Which have sworn to weed out and pluck away” (2. 3, p. 1277-1 357, 166-167). We know, of course, that Blinkered is speaking of the Kings advisors, Bushy, Bogota, and Green. Talking about the pests of the garden that are destroying it is a very important part of the play.

Knowing who is letting weeds flourish in the Arden makes it easier to get the plants in a row. In regards to the gardens in the play, feel that Shakespeare was writing on more of a religious front than anything. Using the Garden of Eden as a way to describe England was my first tip off. The beauty, bliss, and purity that we all know of the Garden of Eden made it easy to picture England as a beautiful garden. Once the ugliness and betrayal made an appearance, Adam and Eve and their betrayal to God came to mind. While they could not resist temptation, King Richard could not resist either.

He became greedy and money hungry with the desire of land and power. This led to the internal failure of the garden since the main “gardener” was failing at his duties. Religion was a major undertone in The Tragedy of King Richard II, and when I realized this I finally noticed how wonderful the writing of Shakespeare truly is. Once you get past the different style of writing, it is easy to admire the beauty within the play. It is clear why John of Jaunts speech about the garden is one of the most famous speeches of the play.

AP U. S History DBQ During the early 1700’s, both New England and Chesapeake regions were settled largely by the people of the English origin. The settlers of the two colonies were foreigners to the land who established two exceptional, but contrary societies due to the diversity of English citizens. Although both colonies were from the same English background they developed different distinctions from their political standards, religion, and social life. With the offer of Virginia Company of London to prompt settlement in the New World, profit filled Englishmen couldn’t refuse the proposal.

There was a promise of the golden lands and a new passage route through America to the West Indies. Arriving to the Chesapeake Bay, they were soon attacked by the Indians. After having to settle on James River, Virginia Company was forced to make a mosquito infested unhealthy region their home. In England, king Henry VIII broke ties with the Rome Catholic Church, anointing himself head of Church of England. The people of the English origin came to England to refine the gold and load the gold. They were trying to make a better living for themselves.

Even though Governor John Winthrop, who was part of New England colony, and William Berkley of Chesapeake colony had different opinions on the upcoming of the community, god being the center of the New England colony ( Document A), the pilgrims believed in working together as one for the glory of God as oppose to the Chesapeake colony who believed that the Chesapeake colony should fellowship together and their unity should be abided by one spirit of peace because everyone is a worthy servant of Christ.

It’s almost like a father and his children; a father is stricter on his daughter than his son. On the other hand, Governor Berkley viewed things differently. He believed that the people duty was to defend their country. Jonathan Edwards who ignited the Great Awakening believed in salvation and affirmed the need for dependence on God’s grace. Both governors trying to achieve the best for their colonies helped with the growth of the two separate colonies.

New England ranged from children to teenagers to middle men. (Document B) Immigrants who were stationed to be in New England colonies were families that contained a variety of ages. New England was united with the family lifestyle. Meanwhile those who came to Virginia (Chesapeake) colony were mostly men who ranged from the ages of 14 to 51. (Document C) The men to women ratio consisted of about 6 to 1 showing how family life wasn’t as important.

Disease settlements came through the Chesapeake colony causing low reproduction rates due to the scarcity of women. The men struggled to fight for women with it being 90% of men and 10% of women. In conclusion the New England and Chesapeake colonies both settled by the English and became entirely two different societies. Although they had similarities of the English background they developed different distinctions from their political standards, religion, and social life.

Never again could the Chancellor conflict with the Bank’s recommendation in setting loan fees, as Conservative Chancellors had every so often done (King, 1997). New Labour changed the institutional system in one vital way: it conceded operational control over money related strategy to the recently made Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of the Bank of England. Strategy lucidity was planned to impact expansion desires and it was prosperous in accomplishing falling inflation regardless falling joblessness both when the 1997 election.

Moreover, New Labour proceeded with the Conservative approach of declaring an inflation target and publicizing the counsel of the Bank of England on the fitting settings for a financial strategy to accomplish the objective.One may expect that the Labour left would not be so fulfilled this was to be sure an issue, as clarified underneath. As (Burnham 2001) has contended, this institutional change tended to the focal issue of “Old Labour” which had been caught on two sides, “unfit to meet the exclusive standards of its conventional supporters and exchange association aggressors or persuade budgetary capital of the fidelity of its financial arrangements”. In the money related markets, the government would just lose on the off chance that it looked to go astray from the Bank’s recommendation; alternately, the choice to exchange operational control of loan costs to the Bank secured a prompt vote of certainty from the business sectors.This suggested hitting the expansion target called for soundness in yield and work around their ‘characteristic’ or “non-quickening inflation” levels.

Allocating an inflation focus to a national bank may give off an impression of being especially in the monetarist custom. While monetarists had favoured a “decreased frame” record of inflation as dictated by cash supply development, New Keynesians received ‘basic’ models in which a money-related boost would go through the genuine economy to influence firms’ value setting choices. Inflation is demonstrated as the aftereffect of wage value progression caught by Phillips Curves.

A few Labour MPs required the Governor’s resignation and trade unions likewise participated in reprimanding the larger part of the MPC for keeping interest costs too high.One choice about the formation of the FSA created debate. In this manner interest rates policy and inflation focusing on turned into the focal means for directing the financial cycle. On the off chance that ‘value strength’ implied resource cost and in addition consumer value dependability, at that point the national bank should address obvious disequilibria, for example, house value bubbles. One issue with this approach concerned the development of benefit costs. This emerged from Labour’s choice to exchange obligation regarding keeping banking supervision from the Bank of England to the FSA.

Not long after Labour came to control, the then Governor inferred that activity misfortunes were an adequate cost to pay for checking house value expansion in the south (Wighton and Tighe, 1998). In any case, this contention can be turned on its head: without information of the condition of the monetary markets, the Bank can’t appraise the impact of interests rate change (Goodhart and Schoenmaker, 1995). (Peston 2006) displays the two standard contentions at the time regarding why keeping banking supervision should be exchanged, one in view of specialized viability and the other on bureaucratic governmental issues. Surely the Conservative Chancellor, Nigel Lawson, saw the decision between financial approach focuses on a ‘moment arrange’ choice (Oliver and Pemberton 2004), an appraisal resounded by (Hall 1993).

The specialized contention is that the Bank’s money related approach capacity may clash with monetary strength, if, for instance, an ascent in interest rates required for value dependability would put banks or different organizations in financial trouble. If an economic declined lingered, this implied inflation would decrease and loan fees ought to be sliced to empower the economy; on the other hand, if the economy seemed to be overheating, interest rates would go up.

In fact, the central tower of the castle (also called “the keep”), which still stands today, was built by King Henry II. The keep served as a last point of refuge in case of an attack. This keep was unique because it was probably the most elegant one in the entire kingdom “with an elaborate fore-building, two residential floors above a basement, two chapels and many mural chambers, and even plumbing. ” (Every Castle 2014 )He also built rectangular walls surrounding the castle. These walls were thick and tall and were most likely built to fortify the castle to protect the nobles. Every Castle 2014 ) After Henry II passed, his work was carried on by King John and was immediately tested by the French in 1 ,215 when the bloody civil war began. This war was called the Barons’ War and it lasted about a year. In 1216, Prince Louis of France invaded England. Many of the citizens of England were unhappy with King John at the time so it was fairly easy for Prince Louis of France to carry out his invasion. At a certain point, he had conquered about half of England. He failed to fully invade and claim the Dover Castle and soon after King John’s death, he lost a lot of his support.

Therefore, he was never able to add England to his kingdom. In the thirteenth century, Henry Ill repaired many of the walls and added to his ancestors fortress by building what is now known as the Norfolk Tower. (Goodly 2012) Remarkable Features The Dover castle contains various tunnels that were actually built in 1 , 216 during the Barons’ War. These tunnels are truly fascinating because they were used during World War l. Another reason why they are so intriguing is cause tunnels are not easy things to make these days despite all the technological advances, so it must have taken a really long time to build them back then.

It makes you wonder what they needed these tunnels for. The location of the castle is by far the most fascinating thing because it has proven to be so popular throughout history. Why would they choose to build the castle on the coast? Would that not make the castle more vulnerable to invasion? Its location is definitely a big reason why this castle was so popular throughout history. Prior to the Norman invasion, its previous inhabitants mainly used the location as a fort.

However, the kings of England really regarded this castle as a sign of power since it was the first thing that many people saw when heading over to England from mainland Europe. Conclusion In conclusion, the Dover Castle changed a whole lot in history as different kings ruled England. Despite all the changes, the castle is very well preserved and holds a lot of history even after the medieval times. In fact, the castle was again remodeled in nineteenth century. It was redesigned into a more contemporary fort that finally contained artillery. It was also used in World War I.

This again goes to show how great the location for this castle was and how valuable it is to history. These days, the site is used as a tourist attraction and hundreds of people visit the site everyday to discover the deep history that this structure holds within it. (Every Castle 2014 ) 3

Questions

1.  Who actually resided in the Dover Castle? Did the kings live in the Dover Castle?
2. How close did Prince Louis of France get to overtaking the Castle? What exactly happened?
3. What was the main purpose of the castle? Why did William I choose to build the castle in that location?
4. What were the tunnels used for?