Freedom of Speech

In order to fully understand censorship you have to know what the Internet is. The Internet is an open inter-connection of networks that enables computers to connect directly through phone lines. It allows people from around the world to communicate with the touch of a button. Its size is unimaginable, its content is uncountable. “In early 1995 more than 50,000 networks and 5million computers were connected via the Internet, with a computer growth rate of about 9percent per month” Is the Internet to large to be censored? Remember in the1940s people said radio was uncensorable. What is censorship anyway? Censorship is the official restriction of expression thought to be harmful.”Censorship restricts the flow of ideas, depriving people of information they need to maintain anopen society” (Steffens, 11). Censorship itself is by no means a new idea. It has existed since the beginning of mankind, Playboy magazine in the 1950 s, radio in the 1930 s, book burning in the1940 s, steamy celluloid reels in the 1920 s, and erotic pages coming off the Gutenberg press in the1350 s.

People fear new technology, I believe this is the reason that people want to censor the Internet.Change is a frightening thing, but without it the human race would cease to exist. Taking over our world, computers can be good or bad depending on how you look at it. At this time there is more information on the Internet than there is in any library and it is only a matter of years before books themselves will become obsolete. By censoring the Internet, the government will only be holding us back. Germany, China, Singapore, and several other countries have taken action and began to censorthe Internet. With this act, the very same materials which are legally available today in book stores and libraries could be illegal if posted on World Wide Web sites or Use net newsgroups. Not only would it have made it a crime to write provocative e-mail to your lover, it would also be a crime for your Internet provider.”Censorship is never for those who have experienced it. It is a brand on the imagination that affects the individual who has suffered it, forever” (Nadine Gordimer, Microsoft Office).

What business does the government have telling people what they can and can t see anyway? If the child s parents are so concerned about what they are going to see on the Internet, there is software available that screens the Internet for just that computer. It isn t very expensive, in fact, you can even download some software from the Internet. Yet, this software is no substitute for good judgment. “If you have time on your hands, if your comfortable with computing, and you have an unflagging curiosity about sex – in other words, if you re a teenager – you may think you ve suddenly landed in pornography heaven” (Gleick, 26). Pornography is the only thing that you ever seem to hear about the Internet, but there is so much more out there. Information on anything and everything you could possibly ever imagine. Most of the material that I gathered for this project was done by hours of Internet surfing. Another large misconception about the Internet is that while surfing you can just stumble on to pornography.

Though it is possible, I highly doubt that you would, the Internet is not exactly known for being user-friendly. In fact it would probably be less of a hassle and much less time consuming to go to the bookstore in the mall to find nude pictures. Not that lam saying that the Internet is hard to maneuver, on it just takes some time to get used to it. Let s say that the government was to censor nudity and profane swearing. The good to come from this is that children and teenagers will no longer be able to view pornography on the Internet. Instead, you could go to the local public library or bookstore. The point I am getting at, if you fail at finding something at one place just move on to another. The bad part about censoring is that it would put a leash on the imagination and art such as Michelangelo s David would be lost. Action against censorship is being taken in Cyberspace, on February 10, 1996, to show just howmany people will be affected by the Communications Decency Act.

The Coalition to Stop NetCensorship had asked everyone, everywhere to turn their World Wide Web pages black until 11a.m. EST. Turnout was stupendous, thousands of web pages turned black for this occasion. A blueribbon campaign has also started, the blue ribbon symbolizes freedom of speech. More and moreblue ribbons are being placed on home pages everyday. Internet users do this for only one reason,to protect their imaginations. Or as civil rights activist, Harry Belafonte put it, “You can cage thesinger but not the song” (Microsoft Office). John Goydan sued for divorce from his wife Diane after finding e-mail messages from her on-linelover, whom appeared to be a married man thousands of miles away. Untold thousands areflirting, courting, marrying, and even cheating on-line. “On-line affairs shift the emphasis in arelationship from outward appearances to inner thoughts and feeling. The result: a quick andintense intimacy” (Toufexis, 53).

Al Cooper, a marriage counselor, said that, “It forces men to dosomething they don t normally want to engage in: communication. You have to be able tocommunicate on the Internet” (Toufexis, 53). Yet, most romances don t seem to burn after theymove off screen mostly because you will never be able to live up to the mental image created by him or her. In addition to reading magazine articles, World Wide Web pages, and books I conducted a surveyof people s opinion on censorship. I gathered statistics via e-mail, chat rooms, and bulletin boards. I found that all the adults that replied were against censorship of any kind. Teenagers, on the otherhand, were 50-50. This surprised me, I thought that teenagers would be against people censoringthe Internet. They tended to look at it from their parents point of view. I would like to ask you to think about censorship and what it stands for, think about where youstand and remember, only you can stop corruption.

I shall now conclude with a statement from Benjamin Franklin, “They that can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safetydeserve neither liberty nor safety” (Steffens, 11). Instead of asking-“How much damage will the work in question bring about?” Why notask-“How much good” How much joy? Henry Miller, U.S. author (Microsoft Office) The media has over hyped sex on the Net the situation is nowhere near as bad as people arelead to believe. “Zarniwoop,” 19 Bournemouth, England (E-mail) Censorship is very good, because I do not believe that their should exist a total freedom, a placewhere there is no law and maniacs are allowed to abuse their rights its like rotten morals existno law to censor the indecent materials, its like allow crime to happen without anyone havingthe power to stop it. “UFO,” 18 South Africa (E-mail)When truth is no longer free, freedom is no longer real: the truths of the police are the truths oftoday.

Jacques Prevert, French poet (Microsoft Office)We should have the right of free speech and we have the right to do whatever, we pay the bills, we shouldn t be told what to say. “MJ,” 15 Peoria, Illinois (E-mail)I feel that without censorship we would be an over-run society of belligerent animals. It is too bad people do not see beyond the benefit of it all. We should always have some form of censorship. Iwouldn t like my children to be exposed to some of the lingo, or acts I see and hear everyday. There should be places where it isn t restricted, like adult places, where there are not a lot ofchildren. But as for schools, restaurants, and public buildings, censor away! “Vera,” 16 Bowling Green, Ohio (E-mail)Censors tend to do what only psychotics do: they confuse reality with illusion. David Cronenberg, Canadian filmmaker (Microsoft Office)Personally, I think that censorship should be the parents responsibility, not the web servers.

“Shroom,” 14 Barkansted, Connecticut (E-mail) I m the mother of an 11 year old daughter. Bet you think you know what I’m going to say don’tyou. It might just surprise you. For the most part I am against censorship of literature, TV, movie, and the net. What is obscene, offensive or distasteful for one person isn’t always the same foranother. I believe it is up to the individual to decide what should and what shouldn’t becensored. Parents should be theones to determine what their underage children can and can’tread, watch or hear. We owe it to our children to provide them with a balanced view of theworld. By allowing someone else to make the decision on what my daughter sees in my opinionseverely limits her education in all areas of life. It is a decision she and I should make jointly as toexactly how much ‘reality’ she is ready for. “Beth,” 36 Joplin, Missouri (E-mail)Woe to that nation whose literature is cut short be the intrusion of force.

The Internet, created at the end of the 1960s, is nowadays a tool one uses to do all kind of things, from procrastination, to research and learning. It takes its users to another world, in which they find so much information that they feel like they are drowning in knowledge. The Internet links billions of devices together and hasn’t stopped evolving since its creation. However, although it seems like the Internet is a free place, Internet censorship does exist. Censorship generally defined, is when some information, that considered disrespectful or harmful to society is removed or hidden from people. It is usually imposed by the government, authorities on media and the press because they believe that some contents pose a threat to the security of their country and population. However, it is not always implemented in every nation. That tends to create plenty of controversy.

Even though some claim that Internet censorship is a necessity for society, Internet censorship by the government should not be implemented for social, moral, and judicial reasons. First of all, some people claim that censorship should be used because of the bad influence that irrelevant Internet content can present. However, does censorship have to penalize the whole population when it is only related to social behaviors of a minority? Censorship should not be imposed because of unethical content. It is taking away one’s liberty and freedom because of something that is socially trivial. Freedom of speech and of access to information, which are both controlled by censorship, are worth being earned even if unethical content is present. Society should be a society of freedom, like it was announced in the Universal Declaration of Humans Rights. For instance, the Russian government decided to leave the Internet free for its population (qtd. in BBC).

It claims that “Illegal information causing harm to the mental and physical health of children should not be on the Internet”, which means that this kind of information should not even exist, since it is socially unacceptable. However, it is still present on Internet. This is why parents must take action. Not only should they pay attention to the education of their children, but they should also teach them how to differentiate between safe and dangerous sources and what kind of information children share online. They want their kids to be vigilant and safe after all. Information on the Internet is not supposed to negatively influence children’s thoughts. For this reason, many parents believe that government censorship is the best way to ensure their children’s safety. However, by properly educating children, whether at school or at home, censorship would not be needed. In fact, the bond between censorship and freedom is broken that way, and it seems quite promising: “In 2013 it (media literacy) was 15%. By the end of 2014-20%” (qtd. in BBC). Another example that tackles the controversy between censorship and freedom is violence. If the idea were to ban sites promoting violence, one might say that many video games sold at electronics stores display so much violent content.

Yet, they aren’t banned. So why should violent content on the Internet be censored? Censorship is useless in this case, because the contents that the government tries to hide from its population exist in different forms that are more subtle and accessible to anyone. Even though some people think censorship is necessary for moral reasons, morality and ethics can change from a culture to another, even if there are some common values that all humanity shares (Cerf and al. 19-20). This ambiguity makes censorship harder to be accepted by everyone, since what is moral to some can seem immoral to others. In fact, “information might be deemed offensive to some users and acceptable to others” (“Under the ban hammer”). However, censorship is not at all the solution to this kind of problem because it is hindering the freedom of everyone, without exceptions. Although it is commonly said that globalization aims to make the globe look like a “small village”, there are exceptions, and there are people that are opposed to this international process. It is true that normally, the majority counts, but in cases like that where ethics concern each individual or group of individuals, the situation becomes more complicated. This controversy is best shown through a common example, which is pornography.

In fact, 87% of people interrogated by Deborah Fallows are for the ban of pornography. Another study, ran in 1999, claims that pornography is the cause of the increase of sexual abuse and rape of women (“Under the ban hammer”). However, Peter Suderman claims that “pornography and violent entertainment might serve as exhaust valves for our aggressive impulses” (Horn, par. 10). This means that pornography can actually contribute to ameliorating society. Another moral aspect is that apart from the roles of the parents in the education of their young kids, a person can improve her behavior. Instead of using laws, which are as said before, an obstacle to freedom, one can just learn to distinguish right from wrong. This is called “moral suasion” (Yeo and al. 23). It is “A persuasion tactic used by an authority to influence and pressure, but not force, banks into adhering to policy” (Investopedia). Applied to humans, it is then a technique used to convince one’s self to do and aim for the better.

Censorship of the internet restricts knowledge from its users. Globalization allows information to be spread quickly all over the Internet. For this reason, one should always be up to date with current information and news. However, some countries have limited or no access to Internet. This means that, compared to other countries, they are less open to diversity and to the flow of information. In Pakistan, for example, a country in which Internet is limited, 22% of the population is opposed to censorship, while in India, a country without censorship, the percentage is far lower (“Pakistanis aren’t too keen on censorship-free Internet”). This means that not having Internet makes people ignorant about the freedom they possess.

In these cases, they are ignorant about their own rights and about information that could be found on the Internet. What is fascinating is that in most other countries, a censorship-free internet is preferred. According to The Express Tribune, “A censorship-free internet is a priority for most people in emerging countries, especially the younger population.” This is true because today’s youth are generally educated to be more open-minded. A singer, Ali Gul Pir, even released a song “to mock the [Pakistani] government for its inability to lift the ban on such a beneficial online platform” (“Pakistanis aren’t too keen on censorship-free Internet”). People are likely aware that the government is manipulating them in an indirect way.

The same article also claims that people with higher salaries tend to praise censorship-free internet as well. This is probably because they have better access to the Internet and 3G in comparison to those with lower incomes. However, the statistics are not really credible, since those who usually do not use the Internet don’t have any elaborate experience related to its use. As a consequence, they wouldn’t know how it feels to have their freedom of speech taken away. This is also why research has found out that the youth really encourages the presence of a censorship-free internet (“Pakistanis aren’t too keen on censorship-free Internet”). In fact, people between 18-25 years old extensively use the Internet for their studies, research and hobbies. People can be aware of the dangers of the Internet if it is censorship-free, and not only aware about the value of their freedom. When they can find any kind of information, whether it is helpful or mediocre, they can then think critically, and use their moral principles.

There are many alternatives to internet censorship. It is not a government’s responsibility to judge what users should be able to access. This is why alternatives to censorship should really be encouraged worldwide. One of these ways is age restrictions. Instead of banning or removing pornographic content, one simple way of limiting exposure to these sites is to impose age restrictions on site entry (“Under the ban hammer”). Dr. Maral Boyadjian, a professor of psychology at the American University of Beirut, claims that some sex psychologists advise their clients to watch pornography when they can’t get along with their husbands or wives.

This method is used in place of expensive medication and has proven helpful. Censoring pornography would then prevent those persons an alternate from therapy. Governments could use an age verification system on the Internet for each site considered for adults. It is a far better alternative than a complete ban because when children grow up, they would want to have access to what adults usually view on the Internet. Another possible solution, which is also much simpler, is for those who do not want to view such content to refrain from entering those websites to begin with. In addition, the government of Singapore has an alternative that seems to be original and different form the others: censorship can be removed only if a license of 40,000$ is bought (Newman, Craig A. A13). This explains well the title of the article: our freedom needs to be bought, literally. This is why one might not consider this idea as an alternative or a solution for censorship, because it is taking away one’s freedom.

Moreover, if a user cannot afford to pay for such a license, does that mean that he wouldn’t have access to whatever he wants online. Freedom is not something that should be bought, while one is normally born with it. In contrast to this, the government of Russia proposes another solution. There’s a “media watchdog only implementing the law” (qtd. In BBC). It is not censoring any kind of information by blocking sites, but it is just following its country’s laws. In that way, citizens might feel safer, but at the same time they have freedom of speech and access to information. This solution is then a great alternative to censorship. In conclusion, Internet censorship shouldn’t be supported.

On the contrary, it should be rejected for several reasons. Socially, it is unacceptable to allow censorship to take away freedomof speech and of information because of inappropriate content. Ethically, it is almost impossible to find a moral that can be applied by all citizens of the world that come from different cultures. In terms of justice, it is unfair to hide information from users since any kind of resources can enrich them in various ways. Alternatives to censorship can also be found: freedom can still be conserved and people that were with censorship from the beginning can be satisfied. One must fight for these alternatives to be more widespread and worked on. This battle between censorship and freedom shouldn’t even exist nowadays, during the 21st century. Ancestors have worked so hard to earn their liberty in the real word. But what about the Internet? Should a “digital revolution” start in order for Internet users to earn complete freedom?

Lazarus inscribed on her base, “Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tots to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door! (Lazarus)” For in these words a key symbol of American pride became that which beckons to all who wish for more, for better, and for liberation from that which oppresses them. For Americans, the Statue of Liberty is a key symbol distinguishing liberty and freedom. She carries the Insurmountable burden of being the symbol for America’s cantonal pride through Its accomplishments.

Originally named “Liberty Enlightening the World”, the statue was constructed as an Icon celebrating America’s victories over adversity. This was evident at the statue’s Inauguration In 1886. Before a crowd of thousands and President Grover Cleveland, the American people intensified ” almost immediately… ” That the statue “… Was widely regarded as a symbol of the nation. ” (Scorcher Arts and Entertainment) The people instantaneously accepted this magnificent work of art as a symbol of their power and strength.

Furthermore, the eye symbolism can be felt through the emotions evoked through the interpretation of her “no-nonsense” facial attitude seen through all those who look upon. This is a representative of strength and resolve in the people of America. This is confirmed by the work of the sculptor Birthday, and his eloquent portrayal in the subtleties of expression, “Liberty serious demeanor underscores the Idea that liberty Itself comes at a cost and must not be taken lightly. ” (Scorcher Arts and Entertainment) “Finally, almost covered by the drapery, Liberty left foot, which few viewers et to see, treads upon the broken shackles of tyranny.

The receding position of her right leg makes the statue, when viewed from the south, seem to be striding onward to shed her light before her. ” (Scorcher Arts and Entertainment) Americans feel strongly about Lady Liberty and realize that having their personal freedom comes with cost, many times paid for in human lives and other sacrifices, but through it all as a nation of determined people, they will continue to break the shackles of tyranny and stride onward stronger than before.

Furthermore, as a gift room France to the people of the united States to mark the Centennial of the American Declaration of Independence, the Statue of Liberty was given to recognize America for Its accomplishments and tribulations In Just one hundred short years of history. This key symbol was given in honor of the accomplishments the newly Torment unlace states Ana undergone since ten selling AT ten Declaration AT Independence: a Civil War and reconstruction of a nation, the overcoming of slavery, the death of a great leader, and a revolution not unlike the one experienced by the

French. The people of France looked upon the United States as being triumphant over all odds and still remaining a strong independent nation; and from this, the Statue of Liberty as a symbol of national pride was born. The symbolism found in the Statue of Liberty is not exclusive to Just the people of America. Its representation of liberty and freedom is known throughout the world to those seeking safe harbor within her borders. The statue represents freedom, liberty for those immigrants that are in search of an opportunity and a new life.

Immigrants re inspired to seek refuge in the United States through shared tales of how Lady Liberty stands at the doorway to this new life, and beckons them in with her colossal torch of light. The emotional perception and imagery is so intense that countless immigrants have been compelled to sell virtually all their worldly possessions, pack into ships like herds of cattle and make uncertain Journeys across stormy seas. The symbolism is further reinforced by those that have completed the Journey, as they share their tales of Lady Liberty with those souls seeking inspiration. For many the iris memory was the ‘lady with the torch’. ” (Brownstone) A simple glimpse can conjure up an almost religious enchantment. It was not uncommon for passengers to weep or pray with gratitude upon seeing her verdigris face in the harbor. This is marked by the account of one immigrant, Celia Ripens as she recalls, “l saw the Statue of Liberty. And we all ran out and I prayed because I heard so much in Poland about it- the Statue of Liberty. (Brownstone) Moreover, another immigrant recalls being shown by her uncle the Statue of Liberty, and she notes that “That I will never forget. (Brownstone) Countless passengers on immigrant ships, many with their bodies wracked by illness and terrible seasickness, would rush up to the densely crowded decks, teeming with people to witness their first sight of the Statue of Liberty; a symbol proclaimed by the immigrating peoples as their icon for success and newly afforded opportunities in a new land.

Embodied in art work, and held as a cherished icon, Lady Liberty has appeared in countless renderings on American currency. The image of liberty has been seen on coins, Liberty Loan Bonds, and a number of commemorative coins. Her image stirs up the emotions that people relate to freedom and success, that her image has been endeared to financial freedoms as well. Liberty stands tall on a Liberty Loan Bond, issued during World War I to help boost the economy. Her likeness and images have graced the new dollar coins, giving an impression once again of triumph over adversity.

As a key symbol not only to her nation, but to her home state of New York, her distinctive shape graces the small space of the US State Quarter, and after the events of September 1 1, 2001 her image has been shown on commemorative coins as symbol of triumph and solidarity over adversity against her nation. Lady Liberty is not only a key symbol, she is a work of art, having been represented in mediums from the copper of her frame to the renditions of many artists who endear her more and more in their works.

She is truly a key symbol to the nation’s people. As one AT ten most recognizable symbols AT American Justice Ana Treetop, Lay Liberty stands tall embodying Americans with national pride, as well as an intrinsic sense of personal pride. The statue continues to strengthen the American peoples’ solve in their times of adversity. This strength continues to perpetuate through the stories and coinage passed from one generation to the next.

The tales of the countless people that overcame unthinkable odds to simply pass before the lady with the torch, Liberty Enlightening the World is a reminder that Americans are those people. Americans are the tired, the poor, and the huddled masses that yearned to breathe free. Yet, through everything America endures, as a nation the people of the United States continue to draw on and find refuge in the comfort and solidarity of his national key symbol, not to only guide them, but to serve as a reminder of their strength.

Brilliant Public Speaking Amber Owens BECOME/275 Business Communications and Critical Thinking August 5, 2014 Brilliant Public Speaking was a very informational video. I enjoyed hearing from each and every person In the video. Each person brought something new to the table and gave their view of public speaking. The one thing that stood out of my mind the most is how each and every one of them said to make the speech personal. One person said that facts are true, but stories sell.

In other words make the speech something they want to hear. Don’t bore them by constantly repeating the same thing and staying the same tone. This video tied In well with this week’s topic because It shows how effectively to communicate when giving a speech in the workplace. The flare factor would be the practice I use. The reason I would use this practice Is because I want to make sure my audience stays focused on the subject at hand. I want them to see the passion and the drive that I have for the subject that I am liking about and presenting to them.

I want them to stay excited with me, and as I get fired up, I want them to get fired up. Keeping people’s attention is hard so when going with the flare practice you may not keep all their attention but you’re sure at least to keep half the audience’s attention. Just like one speaker said sex, drugs and rock and roll. That gets people’s attention, and the began to want to know more about what you are saying. My advice to anyone giving a speech is to stick to the subject and be passionate about what you talk about.

Make sure you have plenty of facts as we as personal stories to back your speech up. Relax, breathe and don’t’ talk too fast. People want to know what you are saying and why you are saying it. Make the speech fun yet informing so that the audience doesn’t have time even to think about nodding off. Start strong and end strong, so the audience knows that you’re still Just as passionate.

Fredrick Douglas wrote and presented his What the Black Man Wants speech during the post civil war time period to demonstrate his straightforward views on the fact that even though the black race had just acquired freedom, they remained without equality and civil rights which gave their current freedom no meaning. Throughout his entire speech, Douglas rules over his audience with his parallel and emotional diction choice along with his assertive tone shifting towards anger and the answering of his own questions multiple times to emphasize his seriousness.

When Fredrick speaks to his audience, he does not choose all his words with the separation of blacks and whites in mind. He uses words such as “our”, “my friends” , or “my fellow men”, which he uses whenever he talks of his race’s desires. His words combine the whites and blacks as one, displaying to his audience that despite the discrimination, Douglas still believes that everyone is all part of the same family. He places these including words all throughout his speech, assisting in the audiences grip of what Douglas wants them to know.

He wants them to know everything he views about his desires for civil rights and is confidently upfront about it, using phrases such as “I want…” or “All i ask for is…” in a parallel structure that way the audience does not miss one single detail. This is why throughout the entirety of his speech a lot of the same equality words resurface, and the repetitive use of the same phrases, typically starting with “I”, or “We”, or “Us”, do so as well.

Again, he does this on purpose that way every point he makes and every desire he wishes to see fulfilled is imbedded in each audience members mind, and hopefully sparks a desire in at least one of them for a change. Although Fredrick approaches his diction choice with an emotional and parallel structure, his assertive tone is what is really at work. His entire purpose, in short, is to persuade people towards equal treatment of races and civil rights for black people.

He states what he wants, backs it up with his intense emotional views and points he wants to make, and uses the same sentence structure throughout the whole speech so that the audience does not miss a beat. Fredrick openly says in the second paragraph, “I do not agree with this. ”, when talking about the objection of the premature Negro’s rights to suffrage. He openly discusses his emotions towards other topics of conflict as well without any fear. In paragraph three he gladly admits, “…women, as well as men, have the right to vote, and my heart and voice go with the movement to extend suffrage to women…”

This sentence adds rocket fuel to Fredricks lunar expedition to justice. During his time period, women’s suffrage was almost as sought for as Black’s suffrage, therefore by extending his wishes for civil rights to the opposite gender and race he wins the favor of most women further strengthening his purpose. His attitude strengthens as well come paragraph four. His tone shifts from being assertive to angry.

He starts exclaiming his thoughts on the white folks need for antagonising; how they should “Do nothing with us! ” a instead of harassing a black man they should, “Let him alone! You see him on his way to school, let him alone, don’t disturb him! ” His anger creates an emotional anchor in the audience that isn’t sympathy like he requested no one to have, but guilt. Just as seen in the scarlet letter, guilt holds more power over other individuals than anything else, therefore this anchor will hopefully set forth the action to change within his audience.

Douglas uses his deeply assertive tone to address multiple rhetorical questions that hold high significance to him. There is a recurring pattern as well. He asks each question at a minimum of two times each, immediately provided the answer to the specific question, stating the answer a few times as well, or even answering it with another question like he did in paragraph three when he says, “Why do we want it?… This is the sufficient answer. Shall we at this moment justify the deprivation of the Negro of the right to vote, because someone else is deprived of that privilege?”

These questions he asks come directly from the white people, and maintain high topics of interest to Douglas. That’s why when he goes over each one, he tends to be more and more assertive and angry as he nears the end. He wants nothing more than to spark a change. He hopes that by making an emotional impact while dropping an anchor on top of them with all black peoples thoughts carved into it, that they will take responsibility and for once make justice.

His rhetorical question from paragraph four where he imitates, “What shall we do with the Negro? ”, his answer of “Do nothing! Leave him alone! ” is an example of him being the spokesman for his race. Although this is demonstrated throughout the entire speech, it is more so present in the questions in the third and fourth paragraphs. He took a whole new approach and stated his opinions with a hope that his audience would make the right choice with the info. Just the fact that he presents this speech after the civil war when they were granted freedom really intensifies the problem of civil justice.

Fredrick Douglas showed his audience that that freedom they had acquired honestly hardly meant a thing besides the fact that they couldn’t be owned anymore and could attend schools. Not only was his audience impacted but his fellow citizens as well. Through his parallel and heavy diction choice combined with his intense tone, and his direct focus on making sure that white people understood the answers to all the questions and points of view, his speech with heavy hopes would inspire the few good-hearted people out there to spark that needed change in racial justice.

Fundamentals of Public Speaking 101-1 Professor Victoria Nabors vnabors@ccc. edu ASSIGNMENT: Persuasive Speech: 5 to 8 minutes DUE DATE:See Syllabus GRADE POINTS:140 converts to 15% of your overall grade EVALUATION:Grading Rubric distributed and posted on Blackboard >Typed Full Sentence Outline Draft is due one class prior to your assigned presentation date. Partial handwritten outlines will not be accepted at all. >Students MAY NOT present a speech without an approved outline. *If you are absent on the day your outline is due, you must submit it to my office (give to the department secretary in room 2519), or via Email.

To earn credit for this outline, absent students must contact me on the date the assignment was due. >Attire Requirement (Ethos): Professional attire is mandatory for this final exam speech presentation. 5-point penalty for violations. >Speakers will select their speaking order on the same day outline drafts are due. “First come, first serve! ” You will sign up on the white board The purpose of this speech is to persuade your targeted audience to accept your views on an issue. Remember that your credibility plays an important role in persuading audiences; as such, you must deal with oppositional arguments in a fair and convincing way.

Good persuaders do not ignore the opposition, nor do they simply attack the opposition, they engage opposition’s logical arguments in an even-handed way. BASIC REQUIREMENTS In addition to persuading your audience to support your views, the persuasive speech must satisfy the following requirements: •Controversial Topic Selection: Persuasive topics can range from the general arguments that seek to influence healthier eating, to more controversial social issues of abortion, immigration, and gay right.

Your job is to first convince your audience that there is a problem through informative speaking; and then, to propose a solution to the problem. •Persuasiveness: You are attempting to weaken your audience members’ support for the opposing case. You need to develop reasonable and ethical arguments that are designed to sway audience members who may initially disagree with your position. •Time: The speech should run 5 to 8 minutes. Speakers will be given a 30 second grace period before time limit penalties are applied. Presentation grades with be lowered by 2. 5 point for every 30 seconds under or over the allotted time limits.

That’s 5 point per minute! •Notes: You must deliver the speech extemporaneously. That means, the speech should not be memorized or scripted. Memorize the sequences of each section only! You may put a delivery outline of your speech on standard note cards or use a delivery outline. However, you should NOT read or rely heavily on these notes. Know your material! •Sources: You must orally cite a minimum of five sources in the body of the speech. Three of your sources must be available in print (in other words, you can only cite two web sources – Wikipedia is not acceptable).

Each student will conduct an in-class audience analysis that will count as one citation. Your evidence and proof should clearly support your arguments and be audience centered. I suggest you include a variety of evidence (statistics, examples, testimony, etc. ) •Visual Aid: If you use a visual aid to help the audience understand key points, it must meet the requirement for using visual aids. •On the Presentation Date: You must submit oA fully annotated outline with a bibliography page. The outline and bibliography page will be graded (outline10 points, bibliography 5 points). Your speaker’s note cards or speaker’s outline must be approved before approaching the podium. Speaking notes that do not meet the required skeleton outline format will not be allowed at the podium. NO EXCEPTIONS! •Attire (Ethos): Professional attire is mandatory for this final exam speech presentation. Remember every aspect of your presentation will help you to establish credibility; this includes your physical appearance. Failure to dress appropriately for this final speech will result in a 10 point deduction of the overall grade.