Fuel

In this assignment I will describe the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors of industry. I will also identify two organizations in each sector and describe their ownership, purpose, scale and size. Primary Sector A primary sector is a part of the economy where business grows, collect, mine or cut raw materials. The key area of employment in this sector is extracting raw materials, Hunting, Coal Mining, and Farming.

Hunting: is when a group of people intend to go to a forest to catch animals such as goats, sheep’s, birds etc; in order to process the food for the secondary sector. Coal Mining: people who works in a coal mine removing coal from the ground, coal is used to fossil fuel used to generate power; electricity, fuel, diesel and oil Farming: in other terms ‘agriculture’, this is done by planting goods in healthy field/growing plants such as crops.

Bellshill farm Bellshill farm had been founded in 1997, where they first started farming, Bellshill is a mixed farm of 136ha (338 acres), the main enterprises are winter crops for the production of both animal and human goods. Their aim is to provide goods, such as, poultry and crops at profit .Bellshill is private limited company in the private sector; it is a traditional mixed family farm, owned by members of the family. Their size of business is small since it’s a family owned organisation. They are a local business located between Berwick-upon-Tweed and Alnwick, bordering the edge of the spectacular Northumberland National Park.

Seafood Industry council The New Zealand Seafood Industry Council works on behalf of the New Zealand seafood industry. This industry is a private limited company under the private sector. They are in the primary sector as they go to the sea to fish. Their main purpose is to provide goods at profit. They get a ship with all the equipment needed (net, fishing robes, cages, hawks etc), they work with 10 or more people and locate the ship in the middle of the ocean in order to start the process. They are a small and regional organisation with fewer than 99 employees;

Secondary Sector Secondary sector involves developing or improving raw materials and altering them into a success for the selling in the tertiary sectors. The key area of employment in this sector is processing raw materials, Rice milling, construction and textiles manufacturing. Rice milling: is an industry that manufactures rice by parboiling, drying, storage, controlling and utilising rice. Construction: is a group of people (known as builders) come together to construct buildings, roads, parks etc. Textiles manufacturing: is an industry that produces materials from cotton, fabric, silk etc and make it into textile. Shivnath Rai Harnarain (India) LTD

Rice milling is a gigantic industry in India. Rice milling industry does not only mill rice. It also carries out many other essential functions, such as procurement, parboiling, drying, storage, quality control, utilisation of by-products, etc. This milling is accomplished by a large number of systems from very small to very large scale. Some of these require ultramodern imported/indigenous machines based on intricate scientific principles

This organisation is a private limited company in the private sector, their main purpose is to sell goods, and their only goods are rice grain. Their process of business is to produce rice and sell it to their customers (e.g. rice manufacturers) at profit. They are a local in scale as they only operate in India. However they are also a large company with over than 250 employees. JPB Construction Ltd (Home Building & Renovation) (1)

JPB is a private limited company in the private sector their aim is to build houses and amend homes. This business comes under secondary sector because they do, multi builds, new builds, extensions, loft conversions, renovations. This business provides services such as room extensions etc. Their scale of business is regional as they travel around, to build houses, their size of business is medium due to the amount of employees they have.

Tertiary Industry The tertiary sector includes providing services to the general public and to the business. The key areas of employment in these sectors are retail, hospitals, banking and even retail companies. Hospitals: are organisations that provide services to the public such as medicine, health checks, help injured people etc. Banking: involves organisations that provide services such as online banking, loans, mortgages and insurance. Retail: are businesses that sell goods or services to other businesses such as garments, trainers, delivery, hats etc.

Carphone Warehouse Carphone Warehouse is a large independent mobile phone retailer located in the UK, totally independent of all networks and manufacturers. Carphone Warehouse is an organization that provides goods and services at profit in order to maintain their business, and help pay off all their expenses This is a public limited company under the private sector; they are also under the tertiary sector as their process of business is purchasing their goods from the mobile, laptop or accessories manufacturers and selling it in their store. Their main purpose is to supply their customers with goods and services such as mobile phones, laptops, internet broadband, and delivery.

They are a large organisation with 21,380 employees across Europe; they employ a. This company is based in the United ‘kingdom and the Republic of Irelands; they have over 1,700 stores across Europe including Germany, France and Spain. Their scale of business is across Europe Tesco Tesco is an organisation that provides goods and services at a slightly low price (Special offers and discounts) in order to attract customers.

Tesco is a public limited company as it falls under the private sector. Tesco falls under the tertiary sector as it provides goods and services to the public; they receive their products from their manufacturers (Tesco Corporation Manufacturing). They sell various kinds of goods and provide a range of services such as, food, accessories, medicine, deliveries, customer assistance etc. They sell their items and provide their services at profit in order to maintain the business. Tesco is a global company which operates 3,729 stores around the world and a workforce of over 440000 in 13 countries worldwide. This large business has over 273,028 employees to help them sustain their business.

They found that 65% of Facebook users accessed their account daily, usually checking it several times to see if they had received new messages. The amount of time spent on Facebook at each log-in varied from just a few minutes to more than an hour. The Ohio report shows that students who used Facebook had a “significantly” lower grade point average – the marking system used in US universities – than those who did not use the site.

“It is the equivalent of the difference between getting an A and a B,” said Karpinski, who will present her findings this week to the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association.She has not yet analysed whether a student’s grades continue to deteriorate the longer he or she spends on Facebook. Some UK students have already spotted the potential danger. Daisy Jones, 21, an undergraduate in her final year at Loughborough University, realised the time she was spending on Facebook was threatening her grades – prompting her to deactivate her account. “I was in the library trying to write a 2,000-word essay when I realised my Facebook habit had got out of hand,” she said. “I couldn’t resist going online.You do that, then someone’s photo catches your eye.

Before you know it, a couple of minutes has turned into a couple of hours and you haven’t written a thing. ” Jones is among the few to have recognised the risks. According to Karpinski’s research, 79% of Facebook-using students believed the time they spent on the site had no impact on their work. Facebook said: “There is also academic research that shows the benefits of services like Facebook. It’s in the hands of students, in consultation with their parents, to decide how to spend their time. ”

Definition of our project

Our project is designed to inform about various issues around the topic “renewable energy” and its advantages or disadvantages. We are explaining the positive and the negative aspects of using renewable energy because it isn’t always environmentally friendly. We also argue that there are ways of producing energy without causing massive damage to our environment.

First, we explain in general what renewable energy is. We define and explain the most common types of renewable energy such as solar energy and geothermal energy. The first part of our project consists of the project introduction and the definition of renewable energy. Our main part consists of the history of renewable energy, why one should use renewable energy, the most common forms of renewable energy, its advantages and disadvantages and the greenhouse effect. Because of the threat of global warming, we inform about the greenhouse effect. Our project is focussing on global goal number seven: “affordable and clean energy”

Definition of renewable energy

Renewable energy are energy sources from naturally regenerating sources, such as the sun and wind. Renewable energy generally does not run out. These natural sources include solar energy, geothermal, water energy, wind energy, tides and various forms of biomass. All these kinds of energy cannot be exhausted and they are constantly renewable. Alternative energy is a term for using energy sources in an new way without using fossil fuels. An other name for renewable energy is also clean energy or green power.

Green power as it does not pollute the air and water. But why don’t we just use clean energy all the time? Unlike natural gas and coal, we can not store up wind, water and the sunlight overtime whenever we want to make and produce more electricity. Because when the sun is behind the clouds, or the wind doesn’t blow, there wouldn’t be enough power for all of us. We all use energy every day, we need energy for electronic devices requiring electricity for power, for vehicles we need gasoline and diesel, and for many other things such as street lighting.

In your home you also need a lot of energy. Homes are fueled with domestic oil for heating. We also need energy for cooking, lighting and for powering our devices like our phones. Everywhere we need energy in shopping malls, airplanes, cars, public transportation, mobile phones, computer and more. When we want to move forward we have to understand and realise that we have to stop producing so much greenhouse gasses. There are so many ways to limiting greenhouse gasses and to reduce the greenhouse effect.

For example you could drive less and drive smart, we would save gasoline and diesel. An alternative way would be that you walk or bike. We not only save our budget with taking the bike or using less hot water to wash our clothes with cold water. Instead of using hot water we would save 500 pounds of carbon dioxide annually in most households with this little change .

Good marketers collect a lot of data. From activity on your website to feedback from current clients to industry trends, your marketing team gathers a solid amount of information — and probably uses it to guide decision-making. But if you aren’t also using that data to create , you’re missing out on significant value.

Why data is the backbone of content marketing.

When your content includes data from your own research, you’re establishing your credibility and authority to readers and positioning your company as a trusted industry leader. It shows that you’ve taken the time and made the effort to collect original data and create content that showcases it. Regurgitating information from another expert’s content isn’t hard, but that’s not your job as a marketer. You need to create — not just curate — content to build trust and credibility with your audience.

Because audiences want research, publication editors do, too. According to a  of more than 150 online publication editors, the most important quality of guest content is unique, insider advice backed up by data. Editors will reject your content if it lacks the research to substantiate it. When both readers and publication editors demand it in original content, data must be the backbone of your strategy.

Related: 

How data fuels content marketing.

Beyond confirming for our team (and clients) that editors are looking for unique, research-driven content, our study revealed other insights that we’ve shared with our audience through projects that drive our content marketing.

First, we analyzed the findings and compiled them into a white paper called “.” From that white paper, we’ve pulled insights to write in-depth blog posts and guest content, create slideshows and partner with other companies for webinars. We’ve even used the insights in sales proposals and keynote speeches by our CEO, John Hall. Each piece of content drives qualified readers farther down the funnel and enhances our overall strategy — and it’s all made possible through data.

But you don’t have to conduct a comprehensive research project to use data in a successful piece of content. This  is an excellent example of content driven by data from internal analytics tools, not necessarily external data from other sources.

Related: 

Steps for including data in your content.

To help you get started using data to power your content marketing initiatives, here are three steps my team and I use:

1. Publish your data in one piece of cornerstone content. Once you’ve gathered your data, publish your findings and insights in a piece of cornerstone content, such as a white paper or long-form blog post. This gives you a good standalone content project that you’ll link back to it in future content pieces, potentially boosting your SEO efforts while providing readers with a resource to reference your data in their own content.

2. Create mini campaigns around that content. Use a  to build miniature campaigns around specific data points or unique insights from that original content project, and create new content that explores those ideas. Creating mini campaigns allows you to craft each piece of relevant data into content that’s tailored to individual audiences and publications while also filling up your editorial calendar and optimizing your distribution efforts.

3. Track your content’s performance, and use that data, too. Analyzing your content’s performance shows you what’s working and what’s not, giving you more data to use in future mini campaigns. Track your analytics throughout to assess your performance. Make changes when necessary and include relevant findings in future content campaigns.

Data is the backbone of strong content-marketing initiatives. Including it in your content establishes your authority and helps you educate and engage your audience at each stage of your funnel. All good marketers collect data but the great ones put it to use with effective, data-driven thought leadership content.

Related: 

Hydrogen fuel cells are potentially the energy beginning of the hereafter. Due to its efficiency and low pollution H fuel cells are far better than conventional gasoline engines. With increasing gasoline monetary values and pressing environmental issues, a new feasible energy beginning is required such as the H fuel cell. A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that produces current by the transition of H and O into H2O. The first fuel cell was invented in 1839 by Sir William Grove. Fuel cells operate in a similar model to a battery nevertheless they will continually bring forth heat and electricity if fuel is supplied. Fuel cells run on H. Hydrogen is the most common and simplistic gas. It is exceptionally light and produces the highest sum of energy per unit of weight of 52000. Electrons are conducted back from the external circuit to the accelerator where the H and O recombine to organize H2O. A proton exchange membrane is an electrolyte. If a polymer exchange membrane is used this must be hydrated to stay stable functionality.

The two most promising fuel cells are the polymer exchange membrane fuel cell ( PEMFC ) and the solid oxide fuel cell. The PEM fuel cell is used for transit such as in powering vehicles. This fuel cell has a low operating temperature signifier. Cand a high operating denseness. The solid oxide fuel cells operate at really high temperatures of 700-1000. This cell will be used in big scale power coevals such as in mills. One of the primary advantages of the H fuel cells is low emanations.  Gasoline-powered autos emit pollutants such as SO2 and NO. Fuel cells rely on chemical science and non on burning which reduces emanations. The lone gas released is H2O vapor. This reduces air pollution and combats planetary heating. Hydrogen fuel cells are besides really effectual as they have the ability to convert fuel to energy from the minute of coevals. This eradicates multiple stairs and additions efficiency. If pure H is used the H fuel cell can be 65 % efficient. If impure H utilized a reformist is required to alter the hydrocarbon into H which lowers the efficiency degree, nevertheless it is still far greater ( up to three times ) than a gasoline engine.  In add-on to this H, fuel cells achieve the letter writer of 65 stat miles to the gallon doing them a feasible energy beginning.  The dependability of an H fuel cell is a major advantage. Whereas burning engines, such as gasoline engines, have many traveling parts that require care, the fuel cell has really few. This will cut down care costs and increase dependability. In add-on to this, a fuel cell will non travel dead ( as batteries do ) if there is a changeless flow of chemicals into the cell. Although ab initio production costs would be high for H fuel cells this will diminish and mass production costs will go low because of the simple building of the cell.

Equally good as this the H fuel cell is safe. Unlike gasoline, H will non do environmental jeopardies such as spillages. Similar to petrol H will fire when lit nevertheless it merely becomes explosive when stored up in an enclosed country, which is improbable as H disperses easy. This makes H fuel cells a safe option. Hydrogen can be produced from coal, natural gas, and oil. Since these militias are being depleted it is a great advantage that H for the fuel cells can be produced from biomass, sunshine, and H2O. There are many beginnings of H on Earth. Hydrogen is found combined with other elements, chiefly C and O. Like all fuels and signifiers of energy H fuel cells have their disadvantages. One of the largest disadvantages of H fuel cells is that presently they are really expensive. Many of the constituents that make up an H fuel cell such as the Pt accelerator and proton exchange membrane are dearly-won.  This would hold to diminish mostly to be economically feasible. Once this has decreased, for illustration by utilizing an alternate accelerator, mass production costs will diminish.  The production costs of H pose a disadvantage. Most H comes from coal, natural gas, and oil. The pollution caused by the production of H from these resources is similar to the sum of that of gasoline engines. Hydrogen can be produced by sunshine and air current to power electrolysis which does non make any pollution nevertheless this is excessively expensive to use extensively.

Another job with H fuel cells arise with storage. Due to the fact that H is such a light gas and disperses easily it is really hard to hive away a big sum in a confined country. The challenge posed is for applied scientists to fit the 300-mile vehicle scope. However this is nonimpossible as it has been done in some recent vehicles. Research workers are besides coming up with new ways of the hive away the H such as the usage of H armored combat vehicles and metal loan blends. For H fuel cells to go feasible a PEMFC membrane must be developed that can run in high temperatures. PEMFC membranes are hydrated to reassign H protons nevertheless at temperatures greater than the hydration is lost. These high temperatures are of import as the fuel cell will hold an increased tolerance to dross. Fuel cells must stay stable were every bit presently when the vehicle is turned on or off or temperatures are high the membrane tends to degrade.  Further research is required to battle this. In add-on to this exchanging to hydrogen fuel would necessitate an accommodation of substructure where H fuel Stations, grapevines, and distribution channels are required. This is possible nevertheless it will take many old ages and money to construct. Like all fuels, hydrogen fuel cells do hold disadvantages nevertheless many of these can be combated with farther research and over clip. Presently hydrogen fuel cells are the non feasible beginning of energy nevertheless due to their low emanations, high efficiency, and many other advantages they have the possibility to in the hereafter go a feasible energy beginning that is more effectual than gasoline engines.

First I would wish to state that Fuel cells are considered a specific device which converts the chemical power to a fuel ( natural gas, H and gasolene. The air or O may be converted besides into electricity. The fuel cell operates like a battery peculiarly. Unlike a battery nevertheless, a fuel cell does non run down or necessitate recharging. But it will bring forth the electricity and heat every bit long as fuel and an oxidant are supplied.

Hydrogen is one of the most important picks for all the cells of fuel. There are more of gases, like N which is provided in the air have a dilution consequence on the fuel cell ‘s public presentation. And it was noticed besides that there are other gases have an consequence on the fuel cells like CH4 and CO, and it depending on the sort of fuel cell, which the CO is a toxicant to fuel cells to run at comparatively low temperatures, such as the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell.

It is important to advert that CO can be used straight as a fuel for the high temperature fuel cells like the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell. Every fuel cell with its specific electrolyte will accept the different gases as fuels and experience toxic condition or dilution. Therefore, the system of gas supply should be tailored to a specific sort of fuel cell.

The procedure:

Fuel cells are considered the basic electrochemical cells and operate following the same indispensable mechanism as the batteries which work every twenty-four hours. However, unlike batteries, where all of the chemicals are used in cells which are contained and when the reaction is finished wholly the battery is dead, fuel cells have stable flow of fresh chemicals to the cell and so in theory have an limitless life. sprint-nextel-to-expand-hydrogen-fuel-cell-deployment.jpg

Hydrogen fuel cells, that are the most used, alter the flows of H and O to supply us the H2O ( H2O ) and to hold the electricity from this procedure.

On 1s manus, the anode, H is forced through the Pt pulverization where it is ionized: 2H2 == & A ; gt ; 4H+ + 4e- . The negatrons so pass through the external circuit, where their flow can be harnessed as electricity, on their manner to the cathode.

But on the other manus, the cathode: O is traveling to respond with the merchandises from the anode to bring forth H2O:

O2 + 4H+ + 4e- == & A ; gt ; 2H2O. Along with heat, this is the lone by merchandise of the H fuel cell: the reactants are usually to the full utilised.

The fuel cells is traveling to bring forth the electricity through the chemical procedure. And this procedure means that they are non capable to the Carnot Limit

It is needed to cognize what Carnot bound is: ( it is a theoretical bound sing the efficiency of the engine depending on the flow of heat between the 2 reservoirs ) , and that they can efficaciously pull out more energy from fuel than combustion-based methods. Traditional internal burning engines typically have efficiencies of around 30 % , whereas fuel cells can accomplish 40-70 % efficiency.

The usage:

We can establish the Hydrogen in assorted organic compounds, and it was noticed besides that the hydrocarbons which make up many of the traditional fuels, like the gasolene, methyl alcohol and eventually natural gas. Hydrogen can be separated from hydrocarbons by the application of heat:

It is the procedure which is known as reforming. Most of H is made by utilizing this manner from the natural gas. The current of electricity can be used to divide the H2O for its constituents of ( O / H ) . This procedure is named by the electrolysis. Some of bacteriums can utilize the sunshine as their energy beginning,

NASA had used the H fuel cells to establish the bird of the infinite.

Hydrogen is considered high in supplying energy, and the engine burns pure H which it will non bring forth any pollutants in this procedure. NASA has used liquid H from the seventeenth to impel the infinite bird and many projectiles to revolve. Hydrogen fuel cells can supply the power and energy for the bird ‘s electrical systems, and it will bring forth the clean by-product, which the crew drinks.

The Fuel cells are considered the assuring engineering to be usage in the hereafter as a beginning of electricity and heat of the edifices, and as an electrical power beginning for electric motors impeling vehicles. Fuel cells will run the best and the most pure H. But the fuels such as natural gas, gasolene and methyl alcohol can be reformed to bring forth the H which is needed for fuel cells. Some fuel cells can be fueled in direct manner with methyl alcohol, without utilizing ( reformist ) . hydrogen.jpg

In the hereafter, H could be seen with the electricity as the most of import energy bearers. An energy bearer shall transport and present the energy to be used by the consumers.

The renewable energy beginnings, such as the air current and moving ridges and sunshine ca n’t supply us with the energy all the clip. But they could bring forth electric energy and H which it can be stored till it ‘s needed. Hydrogen can besides be transported to locations where it is needed.

THE Cost:

The entire cost of Hydrogen4.00 dollar and the gasolene gallon equivalent? howafuelcellworks4.jpg

It was proposed that the H shall be electrolyzed with the electricity to bring forth by the air current or sunshine. Here is the existent scoop on what it will be you to drive if this happens. Let ‘s presume for the minute which the air current and its bring forthing the electricity will be.075 / kWh. This is a sensible figure which has been born out in bing installings.

Here is the list of premises: 10kW system will be about 33,000.00 dollar

The Wind is available at full power 25 per centum of the twenty-four hours, produces 60kWh ‘s per twenty-four hours. 20 twelvemonth life p, it will bring forth 438,000 k.Wh ‘s over life-time of system

60 kWh every twenty-four hours ( 365 yearss in the twelvemonth ) = 21900 kWh in the twelvemonth

21900 kWh in the twelvemonth ( 20 old ages ) will be 438,000 kWh Lifetime

The H ‘s denseness reaches to 0.0899 kgs gm in each three-dimensional metre, so it needs 4.8 kWh to hold 0.0899 kilo gm of H or 53.4 kWh per gasolene gallon equivalent.

The environmental consequence:

The H fuel cells and its development are considered as an alternate fuel is good for the environment, but how does that work? It is easy to state that we should utilize H fuel cell engineering to salvage our environment and prohibition planetary heating. We can establish some of facts about it and encompassing those facts can be two really different things.

First, allow us state that there are some of facts trade with the H fuel cells are good for the environment due to holding the cleanest combustion fuels of all time developed. Hydrogen was extracted from the H2O and so we managed to set it into the fuel cells as a gas that can power a vehicle. The lone emanation that comes out of a fuel cell powered vehicle is H2O vapour. It is like holding a humidifier for the whole universe

Decision:

It is known that the H fuel cells had high efficiency ( from 40: 70 % ) the possibility of using both electricity and heat from them will do an of import part to cut down the emanations which will bring forth in atmosphere. Such as the fuel cell runing at 60 per centum, the efficiency would breathe from 35 to 60 per centum less than CO2 at the dodo fuel phase and 80 per centum less from H.

The beginnings of energy which will be used in the hereafter will hold to be cleaner and more efficient than current beginnings ; the fuel cells fulfill these demands. Several challenges remain before we will see wide-spread commercialisation, chiefly because of limitations with cost, dependability, size and safety, but an environmentally friendly beginning of power is decidedly on its manner.

This incorporation has had various economic benefits to the shipping industry such as; Tim Carroll states that the use of larger (TEU) container ships is reported to be profitable to the shipping industry. Normally ships are used to transport goods and products that are heavier, bulky and those which cannot be transported by air. Such goods usually include heavy machines used in various industries. These goods are mostly transported from state to other states where they are needed. When the shipping industry incorporates the larger (TEU) ships it is very economical because more of the products, machines and goods can be transported.

(Patrick, 2001) Most of the larger (TEU) ships really help in the international trade. This simply means that the nations trading in the products can import and export more goods at ago. When the larger container ships are used there are usually economies of scale that are really experienced this comes up as a result of the capability of the larger container ships carrying large cargoes which normally results in very few transportation costs per unit. In fact research shows that the costs that are incurred when larger cargoes are used are twenty percent lower than those incurred when smaller ships are used.

When smaller ships are used, there is very limited space and cabins that can be packed in the goods. Larger space means that more revenue is reaped by the importing and the exporting countries. When larger (TEU) ships are used it means that there is high propulsion efficiency. The large (TEU) ships have got two propellers unlike the smaller ships. The two propellers are contra rotating in nature though they are not physically connected in nature. The same axis connects both of them. The shaft that is connected to the main propeller usually moves in anticlockwise motion in relation to the Azipod unit.

This means that the conventional rudder is not important for the entire ship to function. The larger (TE) ships have got a system that is really hydrodynamic in nature. (Powell, 2000) In this case the power that is required to propel the ship is lower than that which is used in propelling the smaller ships. The Azipod propeller and the main propeller have a power ratio of 30% and 70% respectively. Now this ratio helps in increased efficiency in the ship. Research shows that due to this propeller system, very minimal fuel is used in the large (TEU) container ships.

This research was done in relation to the amount of fuel that is used in the smaller ships. At least in the larger ships, more products can be transported with minimal fuel being used in the transportation. At least a nation or an individual that is transporting the goods using the larger (TEU) container ships will be in a position to save more. The amount that would have been used in buying the extra fuel can then be saved instead. (Moore, 1991) Tim Carroll reveals that the shipping industry is used to transport goods and sometimes raw products that are very delicate in nature.

Such goods need ample space so that they can be well packed before they are transported to their destination. The goods normally include fruits like mangoes, bananas among others. There are also other horticultural products that are transported by sea. When larger (TEU) container ships are used they really help in the minimization of the damages that are caused to these products. For instance machinery like computers needs good care during the transportation process. If this is not done then the chances of the goods reaching their destination with damages is therefore very high.

Research shows that the smaller ships do not have ample space for packing most of these delicate products. The larger TEU container ships are also good as compared to the smaller ones. This is because the preserving machines can be incorporated in the ships to aid in the preservation of the perishable goods that are being transported. For instance a horticultural company in Brazil can easily use large refrigerators where different fruits are packed and are transported to the United States. (Powell, 2000) The shipping industry has been in the past contributing a great deal to the pollution of the water bodies.

Some of the fuel that is mostly used in smaller ships is quite harmful to the marine life. It is not just the sea and oceans that are affected; even the air is not an exception in this case. Some harmful gasses like carbon monoxide are released into the sea and the air. Governments usually incur increased expenses in dealing with this issue of pollution. On the other hand when larger (TEU) container ships are used, there are fewer emissions. The problem with the smaller ships is that the storage capacity for the fuel is very small. Now when much fuel is forced into them they usually leak into the water during the transportation.

This is unlike what happens to the larger (TEU) container vessels. They have got large tanks for fuel storage during the transportation process. This means that there are very minimal leakages that are released into the sea. This is very economical to the government since the costs that are incurred in dealing with this pollution problem in the seas and the air are definitely reduced. This is done to protect the aquatic life like the fish which also contribute to the economy of the nations. In fact there are countries that receive or get tourists because of the aquatic life like whales. (Moore, 1991)