Nurture

However , this kind of thinking was later on rejected through the  knowledge of the role of “nurture ‘ which is a shaping a persons  behaviour or attitudes and perspectives through cultural context . This    idea was first instituted by John Watson in his “behaviourism .   Later on , social scientist began to claim the importance of learned    social behaviour . On the part of Freud , he developed the theory of  psychoanalysis which relates biological factors with personality and    behaviour . He claimed that humans have basic needs that are prompted by  rives and urges , however , humans are also influenced by society . A three dimensional personality results from this , that which is consist    of the id-which is basically biological needs and satisfaction , the    conscious ego-the pleasure dimension and the superego-the cultural    influence to the individual , which includes , morality .

Piaget on the    other hand develops a cognitive theory , in which he created stages of    how persons know things . The first is through sensorimotor stage which    consist of sensory perception , followed by the pre-operational , wherein    anguage are learned through cultural contact , thirdly , the concrete    operational wherein the person already learned to use logic and    relationships and finally the formal operational , characterized by the    ability to think hypothetically . Kohlberg have outlined his ideas with    Piaget , however , he is more concerned with moral development . According    to him , the first stage is comprised of pain and pleasure which is    termed as preconventional stage it would then be followed by    conventional stage in which there is already recognition of right and rong .

The final stage is the post conventional stage in which there is    a possibility to critique or find fault within the normal cultural    thinking . Carol Gilligan , work with and improved Kohlberg ideas by    incorporating gender with moral development . According to her , males and    females creates moral judgments using different perspective males uses justice perspective which is deeply connected to societal rules and    bias , while women uses “care and responsibility ‘ perspective which is    ttached to personal damage and harm . Mead recognizes the impact of    societal bias to the perspective of the “self ‘ of each individual ,   promoting the concept of a “looking glass ‘ in which the person is    conscious about how others perceived the person . The concept of a subjective self and an objective “me ‘ suggest that a person sees    himself as both independent and dependent to the society in which he belong . Lastly , Erikson believes that personality develops throughout a    persons ‘ lifetime .