Poem

How does feminist criticism open up meaning in ‘Mrs Midas.‘ Write an analysis of the poem including reference to the critical anthology to support your interpretation. ‘Mrs Midas‘ is a revisionism version from the female perspective of King Midas’ story, an ancient Greek myth about a man who could turn everything to gold with a touch. This poem explores the sadness Mrs Midas feels in regards to not being able to feel the touch of her husband to the anguish, annoyance and disgust she has for him about his greediness. This poem is very interesting for feminist critics as there are both arguments for Mrs Midas being a strong willed person that does not let him ruin her life as she runs away and lives without him. However there is another reading that her husband controls her emotion and all she longs for is a loving husband. Right from the beginning the voice is of Mrs Midas who retells the story from her point of View. This would interest feminist critics as in literature women are sometimes voiceless or only heard behind the men however it is clear Mrs Midas has the control and is telling her story; through her humour and metaphor we are able to understand the breakdown of her marriage as well as the idea that ‘wealth isn‘t everything’ in a different way that King Midas‘ story told this idea.

Secondly, it may be seen that Mrs Midas is challenging society‘s demand of ‘feminine behavior’ as Simone de Beauvoir would put it as it she ‘poured a glass of wine this action shows a lack of interest in the idea that women are not meant to be drinkers. The way the poem is introduced so casually ‘It was late September. I’d just poured a glass of wine…‘ gives the poem an air of mystery but when we realise she is telling us of a difficult time in her life it makes the casualness seem like strength as it can normally be assumed that a divorce/separation is always a hard topic to talk about. Although terrified of her husband she quickly hides her cat giving her an air of heroism as well as making her seem funnier her humor allows the reader to realize that Mrs Midas is an intellectual woman. Feminist critics may find Mrs Midas‘ humour and relaxed personality as a normal yet unfair treatment of women in history and literature, there are great personalities of women yet they are never mentioned (in the original story of King Midas Mrs Midas wasn‘t even mentioned).

This characteristic of Mrs Midas can be seen as Duffy trying to highlight this inequality. Mrs. Midas can be seen as independent as when she has enough she ‘drove him up,‘ not because she wanted to as she frequently visited him but because she realizes that is what was best for her. Mrs Midas was so in love with her husband once upon a time but now is terrified that a kiss would turn her lips to a ‘work of art.‘ 0n the other hand feminist critics may open up meaning behind ‘Mrs Midas‘ by interpreting Duffy‘s use of gender roles as showing how much hurt a woman can go through because of her husband but still wants to be with them- suggesting how in our society women being truly happy is with a man. We are first introduced to Mr Midas when he is ‘snapping twig,‘ the snapping has a violent tone and perhaps suggests that the relationship is quite a patriarchal one and male dominating which juxtaposes the female narrative possibly inferring that although the women may have a voice it is still less than the men‘s Her husband who is greedy for money and is hurting her emotionally still gets the stereotypical doting wife who ‘served up the meal’ and ‘poured with a shaking hand’ (even when scared of him she still does everything for him). Another thing that feminist critics would be very interested in would be the fact that Mrs Midas believes that her spouse has ‘lack of thought‘ for her and is ‘pure selfish’ but dreams of ‘boring his child.‘

It could be proposed that Mrs Midas is a symbol of many women who are not treated right by their spouse but still wish to have a child with them as that is what society has made us think ‘happiness’ and a ‘good relationship’ involves. Duffy has made Mr Midas almost seem villainous by introducing Mrs Midas’ dream of having a child. Wanting a child is something a couple usually agree upon and so when Mrs Midas explains that they were ‘passionate then’ it can be thought that Mr Midas would have known of this dream yet he let his greed for money come before his lovers wish yet although he broke her dream Mrs Midas still checks up on him even when she tries to kick him out.’ In conclusion, it can be argued that ‘Mrs Midas’ is a feminist poem that is trying to highlight the inequality women in literature face. Duffy creates a stereotypical wife who cooks and cleans but subversives her personality for a strong-willed and intellectual character. Using ‘Mrs Midas’ Duffy shows the unjust females in history and literature go through.

The poems “To Sir John Lade, on His Coming of Age” and “When I Was one and Twenty” by Samuel Johnson and A. E. Houseman respectively, address the qualities of adulthood, specifically the age of twenty-one. Written in different eras, each poem offers a different viewpoint on the nature of one’s coming of age. While Johnson’s description is lavish, congratulatory, and high-spirited, Housman’s is somewhat somber and much more restrained.

The speaker of “To Sir John Lade, on His Coming of Age” begins the poem lauding the young John Lade, now an adult, telling him to take “pride and plenty” in his coming of age. Unlike the speaker in “When I Was One and Twenty,” the speaker in Johnson’s poem is not the one coming of age. Instead he is an onlooker who has supposedly already experienced the “pomp and pleasure” of being twenty one. As such, he adopts a much happier tone than the speaker of Housman’s poem.

The speaker of Johnson’s poem describes adulthood as a release from the binds of childhood, a loosening “from the minor’s tether.” His view of adulthood as a time of freedom and power in youth is further characterized by the status of the twenty-one year old in question. Apparently he is “an heir” of his sire and grandsire, and possessing of great wealth, with “pockets full.” The speaker here is able to tell this young man to enjoy adult life almost heedlessly, because of his wealth and privilege, something the speaker of Housman’s poem is advised against.

In “When I Was One and Twenty” the speaker claims a wise man told him to “give away pounds and guineas,” but “not your heart.” This is an immediate contrast from the attitude of the speaker in Johnson’s poem. While the speaker in “John Lade” bade the new adult to spend lavishly to his heart’s content, never emphasizing the importance of restraint and self-worth, the wise man of “One and Twenty” advises the speaker should make use of his wealth but always keep his heart in the right place.

Another noteworthy difference is the diction used regarding the usage of wealth. In Johnson’s poem the speaker tells the young man to let his wealth wander frivolously, but in Housman’s poem, the wise man tells the speaker to “give away” his source of wealth as if in a charitable sense. The speaker being the one coming of age in “One and Twenty” also allows Johnson to give insight into the speaker’s reaction to the advice he is given. He claims that the wise counseling he received was of “no use” to him because of his inexperience. Later in the poem however, he claims the wise man’s advice was “true, tis true” but only after he had ‘matured,’ turning twenty-two. The speaker did not heed the wise man’s advice, and as a result discovered that giving away his “heart,” his sense of self and duty, was indeed a mistake, “paid with sights of pity” and “sold for endless rue.” While the speaker in “John Lade” advocates hedonistic enjoyment of young adulthood, the speaker of “One and Twenty” is much more wise to the truth of the matter.

In the poem, “The Chambered Nautilus”, written by Oliver Wendell Holmes, he tells the fate of a nautilus to show us that we should live our lives like everyday like its our last and that we should move forward from the past. To prove his moral, he tells the fate of a nautilus by giving it human qualities and using personification to show how it lives its life and not dwell on its past. Homles uses personification in this poem to compare how the nautilus’ shell is like our very own human bodies and that we should live life everyday like its our last and move forward from the past. The first line that he uses to give the nautilus human qualities is when he says“. As the frail tenant shaped his growing shell. Before thee lies revealed-its irised ceiling rent”. Homles shows that after the nautilus is lured by the singing sirens, the sea nymphs, the shell breaks in half and reveals the chambers which the nautilus lived almost like how an actual person, or a tenant, rents and moves into different apartments like how the nautilus moves into different chambers as it shells gets bigger and bigger. Holmes proves to us that this helps the poems subject because it demonstrates that we move forward from the past like how the nautilus moves into its different chambers. Another example of Holmes using personification in this poem is when he shows us how the nautilus dies from the tempting nymphs.“ Where the Siren sings, And coral reefs lie bare, Where the cold sea maids- rise to sun their streaming hair” . Holmes compares the ugly sea nymphs, who disguise themselves to beautiful sea women, or in this case cold sea- maids, to tempt and lure the nautilus to come to them but in return making him crash causing the nautilus’ shell to break. Lines five to seven gives us an idea that its important to the poems subject because it shows us how the sea nymphs caused the nautilus to die when they “sun their streaming hair” as if they were basking in the sun.

And finally, another example of giving the nautilus human qualities is when Homles says.“ Stole with soft step its shining archway through.” Like mentioned earlier, Homles compares the nautilus to a tenant moving to different apartments. But in this stanza he usues personification by giving the nautilus the ability to walk through its chambers like it were archways as if the nautilus is taking baby steps into its new life. Its like the nautilus built up a door to the new chamber and stretched its way out of the old chamber and forgot everything that happened in that old chamber. Holmes proves to us that this part of his poem is significant to the poems subject because it shows that we take one step at a time to move ahead and not to stay so focused on the past. Homles uses personification in this poem to compare how the nautilus’ shell is like our very own human bodies and that we should live life everyday like its our last and move forward from the past. He used examples to compare the nautilus and other objects to human qualities. Holmes makes as if the nautilus’ shell is like our very own bodies and that our minds is the one that controls our shells, or body’s. We shouldn’t be afraid to shed our “shells and be free. Instead, we should move on and live life.

Being female is somewhat of a paradox. On one hand, being a woman means belonging to a group, one category based on sex. On the other hand, women might not have anything in common with the people in this group other than they define themselves as a woman. Wonder Woman, a poem by Genny Lim is a poem about women all around the world going about their daily lives. The poem’s speaker examines and criticizes the different women she sees walking down the street. Through the duality of the title of her poem, imagery, anaphora, and metaphor Genny Lim exposes the divisions in the category of being a woman and explores the definition of womanhood through what makes women alike.

The duality of the title of the poem requires the reader to consider its meaning and advances the readers understanding of the poem’s message. On the surface, Wonder Woman, the title of Genny Lim’s poem could allude to the star-pgled comic book hero, who is generally considered a feminist character, although she does wear sexualizing clothing. Or the title could simply refer to the point that the poem is about a woman who wonders. Throughout the poem, the speaker contemplates the idea of womanhood and wonders about the individual women she observes. This is also shown through the stream of consciousness utilized in the poem as the speaker wonders and thinks about women and their relationship towards each other. As the poem begins, this interpretation of the title is more supported. In the third stanza, after listing women the speaker has seen on the street she writes:

I look at them and wonder if

They are a part of me

I look in their eyes and wonder if

They share my dreams (ll. 19-22)

In this stanza, the speaker wonders about all the women she sees and how they are similar to her or if they share nothing in common with her. In this way, the title introduces the content of the poem as the speaker will go on to question the definition of being a woman.

Throughout the work, Lim uses imagery to highlight the women in the poem’s diversity. She features all the ways in which women look different and share different lives. In the second stanza, the speaker talks about all the women she sees and what makes them unique. This listing of different women gives the impact of just how much multiplicity is contained in the category of being female. The speaker describes “laughing women with wrinkled cheeks and white teeth,” (1ine 6) and “smiling debutantes with bouquets of yellow daffodils,” (1ine 14). This juxtaposition of visual imagery allows the reader to picture these women walking down the street and how different they all are. The imagery has the effect of separating the women from each other and establishing various classes of wealth and experiences among them. Lim also uses imagery in the eighth stanza when the speaker asks why women must “…stand divided/ Building walls that tear them down?” (11. 43- 44) This visual imagery of women building walls between each other furthers the point that gender is not enough to make people stick together and helps directly address the barriers that exist between women.

Genny Lim employs anaphora in order to draw a connection between the women the speaker is talking about. In the sixth stanza, Lim employs anaphora in almost every line. The speaker wonders why there are “Women who have never known a day of hunger,” (1ine 33) as well as “Women who must clean other women’s houses/ Women who must shell shrimps for pennies a day.” (l1. 36-37) Through the repetition of “Women who” at the beginning of many lines describing women with various extremes of wealth and poverty, Lim shows how these people that drew such different lots in life are all connected by their womanhood. Lim finishes her listing of women with:

(women)Who must cook

Who must die

In childbirth

In dreams (ll. 38-42)

This final use of anaphora in the last four lines connects all the previous lines, as these are things most women must face. All women face the same prejudice of belonging in the kitchen, and the challenge of childbirth is one that only women must suffer. This progression of first pointing out women’s differences and then relaying their similarities shows the complexities of people’s relation to their womanhood and what makes women all different but in other ways, they might be the same.

Genny Lim portrays women through the metaphor of a house in the seventh stanza in order to reveal the ways in which women are similar. Lim writes:

A woman is a ritual

A house that must accommodate

A house that must endure

Generation after generation (ll. 48-51)

Lim describes women as a dilapidated house in order to expose the shared suffering that women experience. Through this metaphor, Lim compares a woman’s experiences and body to that of a worn down house. The stanza describes the ways in which the house must endure generations of torment with hidden cries and stretch marks just like women do. Lim’s use of this metaphor towards the ends of the poem after the speaker has differentiated various women, allows her to further connect women through shared suffering.

One of the most significant lines in the poem is ‘A woman is a ritual.’ (1ine 48) It makes the reader question the idea of womanhood and what it means to be a woman. In today’s society, the lines have become a bit more blurred. When people can no longer rely on sex organs or appearance; what is the definition of womanhood? Here, through the duplicity of the title, imagery, anaphora, and metaphor, Lim provides an answer to that question. That the defenition of a woman is simply being a woman.

Adam Shefsky ENG 4UZ Ms. Eldridge Thursday, March 11, 2010 Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature’s changing course untrimmed; But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st; Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,

When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Adam Shefsky ENG 4UZ Ms. Eldridge Thursday, March 11, 2010 The Real Shakespeare Essay / Analysis…okay maybe not an essay… Poetry is a great way for a person to express what they are feeling, or what they feel about a certain subject through words. Following simple guidelines poets are able to create poetry that affects the way you may think about a certain topic or might have a strong emotional impact on you.

Although there are many poems that can be considered great, only one can be the best. And that poem was written by William Shakespeare. It is titled Sonnet 18 and is a poem that centers on the feelings of love and admiration for a woman, by comparing the woman to nature’s beauty. As well as being well written and meaningful, this poem also earns its position as the world’s best poem by being one of the most well-known poems by Shakespeare, being quoted by many men trying to impress the women they are with.

Sonnet 18 is also one of the rare poems that contain both sound devices and symbolism throughout each stanza. The use of both these poetic devices bring this poem together well, by having the rhythmic movement throughout the poem as well as having the symbolisms giving it a more creative and unique style. The sound devices that are found and used throughout the poem range from rhyming, alliteration, and repetition. As well as sound devices, Shakespeare used many symbolisms throughout the poem; Shakespeare used different examples of similes and metaphors, alternating between using the two throughout the stanzas.

Not many poems contain both sound devices and symbolism, but when used together well you get a poem that is not only meaningful and interesting but also complex enough to keep the reader’s attention. A strong example of rhyming in this poem would be “So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. ” This couplet in Shakespeare’s poem differs from the rest as it differs from the rhyming meter that was used before it, which was an: a, b, a, b style pattern, and chooses to end the sonnet with a couplet.

By doing this Shakespeare brings attention to these last two lines as the reader notices a change in the rhyming pattern before, this is used effectively as Shakespeare allows the reader to notice that the last two lines are important and ends the poem. In the first line of this sonnet we can find an example of alliteration being used to emphasize what Shakespeare is trying to emphasize in this line. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? ” in which the words shall and summer stand out more as Adam Shefsky ENG 4UZ Ms. Eldridge Thursday, March 11, 2010 hey share a common beginning. By doing this Shakespeare is making it so that the reader can almost subconsciously know that these words are important to the meaning of the line. When reading through the poem it can be seen that right from the beginning of the poem alliterations are being used effectively to help Shakespeare say what he wants and create a steady flow through the poem. Another device that can be seen is repetition, which allows Shakespeare to effectively emphasize what is important in the sonnet. Seen here “Thou art more lovely and more temperate. easily seen but effectively used to not only help the poem keep its rhythm but to show the importance of this line, by showing how he really feels about the subject. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? ” opens the poem, letting the reader know that this poem has some emotional feeling as the simile to compare the subject of the poem to what Shakespeare believes represents something of perfection. The line “But thy eternal summer shall not fade” is Shakespeare using a metaphor to describe how the subject’s perfection and beauty will always be perfect.

The use of all these devices and symbolisms are what help make this poem the best in the world. By using each of the symbolisms and devices, Shakespeare creates a very well written and perfectly structured poem. The devices and symbolisms work together using each other to help keep the poem moving and stay interesting, and help get the point of the poem across more subtle. The fact that this poem contains a lot of creative uses of sound devices and symbolism as well as how popular this particular sonnet is so popular and well-known are what make this poem my choice as the best.

Racism is intolerance and hatred of another race. Many protest poems are used by composers in society to express their desire for social change. “Strange fruit” by Lewis Allen and “took the children away” by Archie Roach are haunting lyrics protesting against the area of racism. Both poets have been influenced by either personal events or events occurring in society. Both Allen and Roach effectively use strong poetic techniques and pursue subject matter to the audience through racism to create a desire for social change in the society. Strange fruit” was written in the mid-1930s about 60 years ago. Lewis Allen whom is a Jewish American communist had seen a photo in the paper of two young boys that had been beaten and hung. This horrific picture encouraged Allen to take action and write this lyric protesting about the lynching that had occurred in Americas South. Allen saw that the lynching of African Americans was generational. He protested against racism to create a desire in society for social change. The powerful techniques shown through the lyric “strange fruits” are extended metaphor and physical imagery.

Extended metaphor is shown throughout the whole lyric as it is continuous which makes it more powerful. This helps the reader relate to the horrific situation and understand how Allen is feeling about the lynching. The physical imagery that is portrayed in the lyric is “the bulging eyes and twisted mouth”. This shows the haunting image of a person being hung and draws the responders attention to the strong confronting words used to describe the dead ”black bodies”. The lyric is extremely confronting and distressing which is deliberately shocking to the audience in attempt to create a desire for social change. Took the children away” was written in 1990 by an indigenous Australian Archie Roach. He had a very difficult life by having a disturbed background and childhood. He was sadly removed from his family at a very young age which was known as “the stolen generation”. The difficulties that he had suffered as a child encouraged Roach to become a protest poet and stand up for the indigenous Australians. Roaches lyric produces a true story about the aboriginal children that had been forcefully detached from their families.

The lyric is extremely confronting to the audience which creates them to feel the desire for social change. There are many poetic techniques employed throughout the lyric “took the children away” that encourage the responder to understand the racism and concept of the stolen generation. First person technique has been used strongly by Roach in attempt to show that it was his personal recount. This is shown in the finishing line of the lyric “yes I came back”. This visibly shows the responder that is was roach himself.

Anaphora is a strong technique used effectively in the lyric. This is clearly shown in the last stanza “back to their mother; father, sister, brother, people, land” this shows how the indigenous children had been taken from their family and then later reunited. Therefore both techniques clearly shock the audience and connect with the responders emotions in order to make them see the need for social change. In conclusion “strange fruits” by Lewis Allen and “took the children away” by Archie Roach are clearly both powerful protest lyrics protesting against racism.

The poetic techniques are used effectively to get their own personal opinion across to the audience. Therefore these effects show that there is a need to create a desire for social change in the society. Many protest songs and poems are used by composers in society to express their desire for social change. Archie Roach’s ‘Took The Children Away’ and Lewis Allen’s ‘Strange Fruit’ are both protest poems in which the area of racism is being protested against. Each poet has been inspired by either events in their life or events in society that they have felt deeply against.

Both Roach and Allen adequately and effectively use a wide range of poetic techniques and language devices to successfully carry out their ideas against racism and create a desire for social change through subject matter their purposes are also achieved. Roach strongly uses first person along with anaphora to get his point of view across to the responder. Allen persuasively uses extended metaphor and juxtaposition to make the responder see the need for social change. Archie Roach is an indigenous Australian with a disturbed back ground and upbringing.

He was removed from his family at young age as part of ‘the stolen generation’ Roach’s devastating childhood experiences inspired him to develop into a powerful protest poet and be a strong voice for indigenous Australians. A haunting story is told through roach’s song, a true story of aboriginal children being forcefully removed from their family as was done to thousands of aboriginal children during the application of the governments assimilation policies. It is a very confronting song that makes the responder feel a desire for social change. Took The Children Away’ is a protest poem which employs many powerful poetic techniques to encourage the responder to understand the effects and the injustices of racism and the stolen generation. One poetic technique from the lyric that can be highlighted as important is first person as it is very strongly used by roach in an attempt to display himself in the poem. First person is most effective in the finishing line of “yes I came back” this is effective because the responder then finally realises that the poem is in fact a recount of what actually happened to Roach.

Anaphora is also successfully used in the poem. In the last stanza anaphora is powerfully used by roach, “Back to their mother; father, sister, brother, people, land” this anaphora is used in order to state all the things that had been left behind and taken away from indigenous children of the time. The anaphora connects with the responder’s emotions in an attempt to shock the responder therefore making them see the need for social change. Lewis Allen was a Jewish man, a school teacher and also a member of the American communist party which was risky and unusual in its self at the time of the 1930’s.

Allen was inspired to right by a photograph of a lynching he saw that shocked him. The subject matter of the poem is about the lynching of African Americans in Americas south. Allen saw the harsh injustices of racism and how it was generational “Blood on the leaves and blood at the root. ” He protested against racism in order to create a desire in society for social change. Lewis Allen uses a range of poetic techniques and language devices in order to effectively get his purpose across to the responder. The extended metaphor of “strange fruit” is a very strong and helpful device.

It makes the responder think about the harsh realities and injustices of racism in Americas south the word “strange” makes the responder comprehend the idea of lynching, it is “strange” not right, and it is unjust. Juxtapositions is also employed by Allen in the poem “Scent of magnolias, sweet and fresh/ Then the sudden smell of burning flesh” this juxtaposition is effective as it makes the responder see the harsh realities of lynching by putting these two things together it shocks the responder as it is from one extreme to the other and Allen is attempting to shock the audience in an attempt to create a desire for social change.

Animism was the first Indian poet to catch and voice these trends in his poetry. As a modern poet in India, he started to voice his own thoughts and opinions, his own experiences, which were the experiences of the every man.. In all his creative works he was very keen to select Indian situations and present them with a purely Indian attitude. He was not for idealism and romanticism, the soft and beautiful aspects of life. He highlighted the reality of Indian life with its bitterness ,hypocrisy and bits of sweetness through the lives of common people.

The characters of is poems are from different walks of life but without a bit of exaggeration. We feel and experience the Indians and Indian culture, Indian temperament through each and every character and situation in the poems. If we go through the poems we will get the glimpse about south Asian society and their cultures and politics. Animism Ezekiel creates an authentic flavor of India by his use of Indian English. The Indian flavor has created by stressing various mistakes which Indians commit in their use of English. Animism Ezekiel is entirely Indian not only in sensibility but also in proper use of Indian attitudes.

In the “Very Indian Poem In Indian English” the common mistakes committed by Indians in using English and other Indians are freely employed to create the typical flavor with an artistic purpose In a realistic way. This has started giving with a ironic title. In this poem, very sit few lines indicate that there is going on political unrest or chaotic moment in society. “l am standing for peace and non violence. Why world is fighting fighting’ After uttering these line he tells that why we are not following Mahatma Gandhi.

He has taken the great Indian character in his poem who stood for peace. He also tells us that we are totally away from our ancient culture. He also used 200%, 100% and very colonial words to satire and to indicate that modern generation are so far away from our ancient culture. Modern generation are cherishing foreign cultures, fashion and neglecting their own culture. So he uses these Irony towards modern generation. ” But modern generation is neglecting – Too much going for fashion and foreign thing’ He also satire the political leaders ,because their allured speech much than their works.

Perhaps he has wanted to say that whatever they tell, they doesn’t turn it into org. He also stairs their way of behaving and he is also taken glimpse of their speech that “Friends, Romans, countrymen, am saying Lend me the ears. The regrettable thing in the modern world is the act of violence and anti – social tendencies proving to be a menace. Still the positive aspects like regeneration, remuneration and contraception could be thought of as a way out of the present muddle. One can certainly hope for the better and propagate the best that is thought as unique.

He has also very aptly shown us the Indian picture-Lassie can be taken as equivalent to he western wine if only a little salt is added to make it a lovely drink. The poet confesses that he is the total abstainer from drinks while it is taken by addicts to gun themselves, he for his part would turn to simple drinks like lassie. Thus, the poet tries to receive the old Gandhi days. We can assume by this poem that there are clash between county to county, and country to country to rule over one another. It has become a trend of every country.

So to come out from this poet is urging that if only one consider the other as the brother then the trend could be changed.. He gives the hand of friendliness to the visitor and expects him to come again. The poet is optimistic when he says that he enjoys every moment of good company. So, he ends the poem by saying that he does not feel the necessity of celebrating ceremonies. Animism Ezekiel has picked up the typical picture of Indian subcontinent very dexterously through the poem ‘Conga’. By depicting conga he has shown us how wealthy class people fell pride on lower class people treating them very badly as their goods.

Animism Ezekiel has depicted very common and true future Of society in very much interesting and funny way that how wealthy people neglecting harassing, torturing on their servant. The poem “Conga” has started that we pride for our generosity to servant and their generosity is that they give a chance to a prostitute woman to work at their houses. Miss Ezekiel ironically has given a pathetic description of servant how they are treating in the society. But even in our society servant are the victim of sexual harassment. So there is a question arise that is it pride that a prostitute works at wealthy men houses.

It is a poke to upper class people. They give them a cup of tea which they eve preserved from previous evening. They give tem stale ‘chapatti’ and give old clothes by which they could exchange a cup,etc. They give one coins and take it return. So it has been a trend of upper class that they feel comfort, enjoy by dominating them like that way. But these men never learn because of their poverty. Perhaps poet wants to tell though we are seeming greater man by possessing these things but we are in darkness. Because we are wanting to be civilize reaming them unlearned and uncivilized So it is a slap to moral civilization.

The poem ‘Guru’ portraits the modern picture of the Gurus who are more terrestrials than ever and above ordinary men – “the lesser considered as holy men while they totally lack all the virtues of saints. They make a sharp discrimination between the rich and the poor, men and women, countrymen and foreigners. The following lines show characteristically Indian touch which becomes an irony on our part: The saint, we are told, Once lived a life of sin nothing spectacular, of course, Just the usual things. We smile, we are not surprised. Unlikely though it seem, we too one day May grow up like him, dropping our follies like old clothes or creeds.