Tourism

People across the globe look forward to getaways to experience relief from stress and to relax. They reach far away destinations to have some time alone or with family. But travelers don’t pick random locations when they plan vacations. They search for excellent spots for leisure activities, romance, and adventures.

Some say that finding a gorgeous place nowadays may be challenging. The vacation areas are often overcrowded or even damaged due to millions of tourists visiting the area. Likewise, a large percentage of the earth that has wonders to behold is still unexplored. Lush greens, clear waters, and strange creatures are available in these undiscovered parts. But getting to them and staying there might be risky too.

Nonetheless, holidayers shouldn’t worry about choosing a place. Vacationers take various land vehicles, airplanes, and boats to arrive at the destination point. But what spots are the best ones for spending the vacation? Here are a few paradise islands that many tourists recommend to go to.

1. Bora Bora

It’s a South Pacific island positioned at the northwest region of French Polynesia. It’s a luxury destination, which wealthy vacationers prefer to visit enjoying various attractions.

At its center are mountains, which entice trekkers and climbers. There’s likewise a wide, bluish-green lagoon with a coral reef. Snorkelling and diving enthusiasts explore such for its beauty and rarity. On the beach are bungalows resting on stilts for accommodating hotel guests. They are cosy and equipped with amenities for long and short-term stays.

The tourists of the island could also enjoy paddle boarding and canoeing. There are land tours offered as well for those who wish to explore the area.

2. Palawan

The Philippines is the place where a lot of incredible nature spots are. Palawan isn’t an exception. Locals and foreigners visit its beaches and subterranean rivers for immersion and exploration. Yet swimming and diving aren’t the only activities that people do there. Tour guides also offer boat riding and even island hopping.

It’s home to exotic food to try and animals to see, so visitors also eat and check the wildlife. The cooks there could serve crocodile meat and shipworms. It’s also one of the places where Tarsiers live, and fireflies survive.

3. Maldives

It’s a group of islands described by many as heaven in the tropics because of its environment. Backpackers report that the combination of heat and humidity there is fine. It has white sand and turquoise water on the beaches and reefs where marine creatures live. There are also deep waters where scuba divers can travel underwater.

Those who wish to stay dry could still enjoy the South Asia islands. That’s because visitors may introduce themselves to Maldivian cooking and culture. In addition, there are historical sites to see like the Hukuru Miskiy and National Museum.

4. Seychelles

Beyond the coast of East Africa are the islands that are likewise preffered by tourists. This archipelago is where a person can get some fresh air and bask in the sun with white sand and blue waters. Aside from the warm weather, the place is full of rare animals like fruit bats and giant tortoises.

It can cater to connoisseurs looking for simple delights and rarities. Different kinds of fish are available and cooks grill or dry them. Lots of dishes there use curry, lentils, and coconut because of the preferences of the natives. So it’s also an ideal spot for those desiring to go on a food trip.

5. Santorini

An island in the Aegean Sea belonging to Greece’s famous isles called Santorini is worth sightseeing. The views are amazing because of the ruins that it was due to calamities and renovation. Yet the structures aren’t the only things to see in Santorini. The local tourism offers cruising and scuba diving too.

Newlyweds could appreciate the excursion packages because of the wine and fine dining. Tours bring couples to top wineries where they may taste different types of drinks. Together with the beverages are food like snacks and cheese as well. But families are fit for the traversing the island as well due to the steady bus trips and cruise. The journeys can amuse groups for hours and return them to their lodgings.

6. Cook Islands

Smack dab in the center of the Pacific, the weather there throughout the year is fair. It’s a scattered group of islands but has many resorts and greens. Since it has jungles, globetrotters can go trekking. With its deep beaches, snorkelers can do some underwater traveling. Moreover, it has all sorts of restaurants, boutiques, and gift shops.

There are cabins and lodges with swimming pools and the coast. People who like living as the locals do can rent a room in native’s houses. So, when selecting this destination, a traveler may have to choose his or her comfort first. Likewise, budgeting is a must. The fortified ones and those that are close to recreational areas are more expensive too.

7. Saint Lucia

To experience glamour or have relaxing moments, this Caribbean island might be suitable. It’s got two mountains as its famous landmarks for sightseeing, walking, or climbing. To go there, backpackers have to contact trustworthy guides first. That is because there are winding roads, and it takes a while to reach the peaks.

Whether it’s immersing in foreign culture or sailing, tourists can enjoy their stay. Residents there supply private tours to introduce foreigners to fishing villages. There are likewise boats for rent to those who wish to cruise the west coast. But travelers won’t get hungry due to the meat dishes and cooked seafood too. Chefs there serve the Bouyon soup that has a lot of local veggies and pork. Also, they prepare lobsters by steaming or other means.

All in all, there are numerous magnificent places in the world. If you like mountains, you can go to Switzerland. If architecture and history are the most interesting for you, it is better to visit Italy. However, if food is the purpose of your holiday, then why don’t you fly to Georgia or France. However, if you want to find yourself in paradise, visit the islands mentioned above and enjoy life to the full.

Bournemouth ranks as one of the most popular resorts on the south coast of England. It has much to offer any holiday-maker, as the town can boast a range of attractions and facilities to cater for nearly every taste. Bournemouth also possesses some beautiful beaches, with golden sands and safe bathing which are frequently backed by majestic cliffs and a promenade.

The main features

The core feature of the Beach is of course the Sea with its seven miles of golden sand.

Bournemouth beach has a high standard of bathing safety, as there are ‘KidZone’ areas and emergency lifesaving Perry buoys at regular intervals. RNLI Beach Rescue provides 7 day a week lifeguard service from Southbourne to Sandbanks between May and September, which is augmented by 5 voluntary lifesaving clubs at weekends and public holidays. The beach is patrolled by beach wardens over the summer and by full time, first aid trained inspectors throughout the year.

During the bathing season 2003 the Environment Agency was monitoring bathing water quality all along the coast on a weekly basis; the Partnership’s main interest, of course, is the quality of the bathing water at Bournemouth Pier.

The beach is cleaned daily during the summer, weekly out of season. Areas of the beach have been designated glass free and can-recycling bins are provided. Dogs are allowed on parts throughout the year though they are banned from certain areas from May to September.

The secondary features

Beach Facilities

There are many excellent facilities available along Bournemouth’s beaches. These include toilets with access for disabled visitors, first aid posts, lost children centres and information offices. Catering facilities like “Harry Ramsden’s World Famous Fish and Chips” (Restaurant and Takeaway), “KFC” and “Hot Rocks” serve drinks, hot and cold snacks and meals.

Other entertainment features include the Amusements Arcade, where you can find all sorts of gambling and computer games.

Thrill seekers can hop on the Simulator ride by the Pier. The leisure simulator uses the sophisticated technology previously developed for the training simulators used by tank drivers and astronauts to provide a new form of entertainment, which is enjoyable, exciting and yet completely safe.

The Oceanarium is a fully interactive experience with touch screen games, feeding demonstrations and talks, plasma screen documentaries, walk-through underwater tunnel and exhibits to help you discover more about this fascinating underwater world. It brings you face to face with marine life from the furthest reaches of the globe.

The IMAX offers the most advanced and compelling film experience in the world.

Seeing a film at an IMAX theatre is the perfect group event – whether it is a birthday party, corporate outing or school trip. Every year more than 70 million people visit an IMAX theatre to see a film and over 96% would recommend it to their friends and family.

The Pier Theatre, Bournemouth is a purpose built proscenium theatre completed in 1960. The foyer houses a small confectionery kiosk, box-office and public toilets.

Disabled access is possible by arrangement through the box office. A Deaf Loop (induction) System is in operation. A unisex disabled toilet is available. Disabled Parking is available by arrangement with the manager. The Pier Bar is adjoining the Theatre and is operated by Bournemouth Services.

One of the most popular and certainly most distinctive features of the Seafront is the land train, which carries more than 260,000 passengers a year.

Six Zigzag paths connect the beach to the service road above.

Three pairs of Cliff lifts run up and down the cliff all day long throughout the season. Visible from literally miles away, there are exciting opportunities to brand the lifts – and the lift stations.

With 2100 Deckchairs, you have an exceptional opportunity to improve the bottom line, with advertising that can’t fail to be noticed.

Located at intervals along the beach, there are 28 Bastions with free shower facilities.

Close to the beach are the Gardens, which are an idea haven from the bussing streets of Bournemouth. Candle light displays and lights lead you down to the seafront where in the summer months you can see the firework displays. The ‘Free spirit of Bournemouth’ balloon ascends above Bournemouth to give you a birds eye view of Bournemouth town centre and the beach. The gardens also have a pavilion where brass bands play daily to an audience in the gardens.

The Russell-Cotes-Museum is a very individualistic gallery, containing the personal collection of art formed by Sir Merton and Lady Russell-Cotes presented to the town of Bournemouth and opened to the public in 1919.

Seaside Activities

Swimming (watercraft free zones at certain beaches), sailing, fishing, surfing, canoeing, jet skiing, windsurfing, power boating, pedalo hire, beach hut hire and water skiing. Areas or the beach have been zoned as No Smoking, Kidzone, and Can-zone recycling areas. Firework displays are held on Bournemouth Pier every Friday night between July 26th and August 30th. Bournemouth Carnival and Regatta is traditionally held during the first week of August.

Wildlife and Walks

A three-kilometre undercliff walk leads from Fisherman’s Walk east to Hengistbury Head. The seafront promenade is 10km long stretching from Southbourne to Alum Chine and then on to Sandbanks. A cycle route has been introduced along the promenade. Pedestrians always have right of way and from June to September and cycling is only permitted between 7pm and 10am. The Bournemouth cliffs provide an ideal habitat for the nationally rare sand lizard and smooth snake, as well as many plant species.

Parking

Roadside parking along the overcliff drive. Various pay and display carparks, including the Undercliff Car Park on the beach with access at Boscombe Pier.

Public Transport

Bournemouth coach and train station is linked to the town centre and all of the beaches by yellow buses. Once at the seafront a land train service operates along the promenade between Hengistbury Head and Alum Chine, stopping at all beaches and also the cliff lifts.

Visitor numbers and Types of visits:

“Bournemouth Seafront is, and has always been, a major tourism attraction. Bournemouth as a resort attracts around four million visitors each year (2.3 million day visitors; 1.7 million staying visitors). It is estimated that over 20,000 people are directly employed in tourism related businesses and that tourism is worth �350 million a year to Bournemouth’s economy.”

“The main tourist season begins with the Spring Bank Holiday and peaks during the school summer holiday period of mid July to early September. All other public and school holidays, such as Easter, are also busy tourist periods on the Seafront.”

Types of visitors:

At present, 70% of seaside visitors are elderly and less affluent, which means that they spend very little money during their stay, so Bournemouth had to attract a different type of customer.

Many small attractions were opened, in order to serve different types of tourists, in particular children, as they brought together people from all different backgrounds, so places such as Putlake Adventure farm and the Oceanarium were opened. Bournemouth also has 2,000 acres of formal gardens, which are frequently judged as the best in Britain, and serve as an attraction for the older generation of visitors. The present pier, which was built in 1880, incorporates a theatre, restaurants, a disco and amusement arcades, which together form Bournemouth’s most popular attraction.

Bournemouth has relied upon its reputation to bring in the tourists and therefore it has a very good record: In 1996 it was named as “The World’s Cleanest and Greenest City. It has also received Blue Flag Beach Awards every year since 1990 and since 1999 has been awarded the Green Flag Award. Three times since 1991, it has been the winner of Britain in Bloom and was Europe’s Floral Champion in 1995.

With the building of the Bournemouth International Conference Centre, many important conferences have brought attention to the town, these include several political party conferences, and brings in lots of business for the hotels and shops. The main problem with seaside resorts is the fact that their custom is seasonal, this can be seen in the newspapers where there are advertisements for cheap rates in the hotels, for example Sun Court Hotel offers �30 per person per night at the moment, as it is the end of the season.

The way this is combated is by the use of the conference centre, which tries to bring business in almost all year round, for example, the Conservative party conference is always held at the end of the season, as the season is then extended for an extra week.

Poole relies on recreation in its harbour for its business. 60,000 new houses are to be built in the area by 2010, as it is doing so well. Lots of visitors go across on the sandbanks ferry to Studland where 95% of visitors go to beach. In Poole Harbour, sailing and windsurfing take place, while conservation also takes place with SSSI’s for the dunes, mudflats and mines, which bats have inhabited.

Swanage has also suffered a decrease in its custom since the 1970’s: a total of 3,200 beds in hotels and guesthouses have now been reduced to a total of 1,900. With a population of 9,170, there are a total of 9355 beds available for visitors, with a quarter of a million visitors capable of being accommodated in the whole year, although the main season is 26 weeks long. Despite a large number of visitors, although decreasing, the average day visitor spends �9, which is not enough to keep a community running. Therefore, the total number of beds is still set to decrease, as the only real attractions are the Swanage railway, which is now being used for park and ride to Corfe castle, and Durlston Country Park, which receives 150,000 visitors.

Despite not being a National Park and a decreasing popularity of seaside resorts, except among the retired population, Dorset seems to be surviving. Some areas do seem to be “thriving”, although a question of their future does hang over areas such as Swanage. Dorset has a number of attractions that keep it a popular location for visitors, however, whether it is thriving or not is a big question, as whereas places such as Bournemouth are doing very well, others are not doing so well.

Eastbourne is large in tourism and also has a large beach, which has been managed. There has been a big project which lasted for 4 years to rebuild the groins. But by re-building them, it loses beach material. There is lots of land between the beach and houses. If the beach were to disappear, it would bring the economy right down and holiday workers will lose a huge sum of money.

Senior citizens come to Eastbourne and retire there. If the beach were to disappear, then there would be a drain on the council’s resources for the senior citizens and they wouldn’t have any supplies for anything. So by providing these people with resources, it obviously counts a lot on the council’s economy as a lot of the money comes out from it, so therefore, the beach should remain there.

Hypothesis

Land use changed as moved towards the sea front.

Method

We walked around the area and identified different types of land uses. Along the main road near Eastbourne Station, the variety of individual uses was recorded under different classes such as Residential, Industrial or Commercial. The different types of building were written as a number followed by a code letter, depending on what it was classified as.

After this took place, a Questionnaire was made by asking a number of people walking in and around Eastbourne and recording their answers. This consisted things such as how far they travelled to reach Eastbourne and also approximately how far they travelled.

Conclusion

Eastbourne does have a large sphere of influence. Because it’s famous for its tourist industry, it attracts many senior citizens. There are a large number of hotels, restaurants and shops for local people and the villages around. Eastbourne is a tourist-orientated town with a lot to offer, such as entertainment, cinemas, restaurants and theatres. There are not a large number of young people as it wasn’t a main holiday season or a weekend. If we had done our research on a weekend, we would have seen children stating over. Elderly people have trips to Eastbourne to either relax or retire there. Especially at this time of year from now until early December, there will be a large number of elderly people who go there for ‘tinsel and turkey weekends’, to have their Christmas dinner.

There are hotels in Eastbourne for people such as conservatives, so the hotels will offer conference facilities for them.

Evaluation

If a longer time were spent in Eastbourne, it would have been possible to have spent more time with the surveys on different days, to produce range of different results. Or even on a Saturday or a Sunday, which would have made a big difference. If the questionnaire was taken at different times of the day, like 3 or 4 for example, then there would have been a better spread of results from different age groups, as some children may have been at school at the time or adults may have been at work.

Also, if a survey were taken at the coach park, there would have been a spread of locations as we could have noted where the coaches were coming from.

This assignment will identify the range of events being promoted in the city of Birmingham, it will also classify whether the events are organised by the public, private or voluntary sector. There will also be an overview of the visitor’s perception of the city and event and finally it will analyse the local resident’s attitudes towards the event.

The six events which will be analysed are the MPH Show ’06, which is a motor event hosted by Jeremy Clarkson. Mitchell and Webb Live, which is a comedy sketch show. The BBL Cup Final. The Survivor Series Tour, which is a sports entertainment event. Mela 2006 and the final event is Little Britain Live.

Theorists such as Allen 2002 state that an event is defined as a significant gathering or activity that takes place often in a social setting. (J. Allen 2002)

The first event, which will be analysed, is the MPH Show ’06. The event was in operation between 26-29 October 2006 at the NEC Birmingham. The MPH Show’s web page describes the event, as “a 75 minute theatre show in an explosive combination of car chases, outrageous stunts, incredible driving and world debuts. A personal look at the finest selection of the most stylish, rare and expensive cars in our galleried exhibitions – its motoring heaven!” (www.mphshow.co.uk)

This event can be categorised under the mega events typology group. The reason for this is that the event has the potential to attract over one million visitors. A further reason that this event can attract a vast amount of large visitors is that well-known motoring expert Jeremy Clarkson is hosting it. Due to the motor show being taken away from Birmingham, The MPH Show can be its ideal replacement and generate a high level of economic and tourism impact into Birmingham.

Theorist such as Getz 1997 states, “Mega events, by way of their size or significance are those that yield extraordinarily high levels of tourism, media coverage or economic impact for the host community and destinations.” (Getz 1997)

There could be arguments suggesting that it can be put under the special events typology. The reason for that being that the event is a one off event and is an event, which comes under persons social activities such as football and music.

The second event that will be analysed is Mitchell & Webb Live, which will take place at the Birmingham Hippodrome on 5th November. The event brings comedian duo David Mitchell and Robert Webb to the Hippodrome as part of their live tour. This event can be categorised under the special events typology group. Getz states, “A special event is a one time or infrequently occurring event outside the normal programme or activities of the sponsoring or organising body.” (Getz 1997- lecture hand out)

The third event that will be analysed is the Survivor Series Tour, which is organised by sports entertainment company WWE. The event will be held on 12th November 2006 at the NEC. This event can be categorised into the special events group. The reason for this is that it is part of a person’s social interest and it is place where they can go with family and friends to the event.

Getz 1997 states, “To the customer or guest, a special event is an opportunity for leisure, social or cultural experience outside the normal range of choices or beyond everyday experience.” (Getz 1997)

The fourth event, which will be analysed, is Little Britain Live, which will be held in The NIA. According to the NEC group website, “David Walliams and Matt Lucas have extended their phenomenal Little Britain Birmingham tour dates with a 14th night at The NIA on Saturday 9 December.” (www.necgroup.co.uk)

This event can be categorised in to the special events typology category, due to this event being a social interest event.

The fifth event, which will evaluated is the BBL Cup Final that will be held in The NIA. The BBL Cup Final is the basketball tournament finals that will come to a climax in Birmingham. Also in the event are the women’s basketball tournament finals.

This type of event can be categorised under the hallmark typology. The reason for this is that it is a one off event. Theorist such as Ritchie 1984 defines a hallmark event as “A major one-time or recurring event of limited duration, developed primarily to enhance the awareness appeal and profitability of a tourist destination in the short or long term.” (Ritchie 1984)

The final event is The Asian Mela 2006, which is to be held between 17-19 November 2006 at the NEC. The Asian Mela is an event targeted at the Asian community by holding an event that has Asian fashion, entertainment and many more experiences. This type of event can categorised in to the special events typology group. A special event recognises a unique moment in time with ceremony and ritual to satisfy specific needs. The reason for this being is that it relates to the cultural aspects of the Asian community and also can be an event that brings together people from different backgrounds to celebrate Asian lifestyles and how it has made an impact in today’s British society.

The second part of this assignment will identify whether the events have been organised by private, public or voluntary sectors.

The Mph Show was organised by the fuel company shell. Shell is considered a global group that produces oil, fuel and other types of energy sources. The company is considered part of the private sector. Theorist such as Fardon state, “The private sector compromises of businesses which are directly or indirectly in private ownership.” (Fardon 2000)

The Mitchell & Webb Live event is being presented at the Birmingham Hippodrome. The Hippodrome is a theatre, which is a charity run theatre. The charity ‘The Friends of The Hippodrome’ is an organisation, which counts on donations from corporations such as Lloyds TSB and even donations from the public.

The Survivor Series event, which is an event run by the sports entertainment company WWE. The company is a private limited company that runs live events mainly in the United States, but also tours the rest of the world.

The Little Britain Live event, which is being shown at the NIA. The event is by the NIA group, which is linked with the city council. This sector can be put in the public sector, as it is part of the district council.

The BBL Cup Final is an annual event, which is to be held at the NIA, is being organised by the British Basketball League Association. This is part of the public sector. Websites such as www.whatsis.techtarget.com have given a definition to the public sector, which states, “The public sector overlaps with the private sector in producing or providing certain goods and services. The extent of this overlap varies from country to country, state to state, province to province, and city to city.”

By evaluating this statement and relating it to events, the public sector needs sum form of assistance from the private sector such as funds and sponsorship. It can be an advantage for both private and public sectors, as the private sector organisation is getting good recognition by giving a helping hand to the public sector organisation.

The Asian Mela event is presented by the Asian television station Zee and events firm Clarion Events. Both companies are part of the private sector.

This part of the assignment will explain the impact that the actual events provision of the city has on visitor perceptions.

When discussing event impacts there are various elements that need to be considered. These elements are as follows, social/cultural, economics, political and developmental. The social/cultural implications are to bring increased community spirit and bring people from different cultures to unify and enjoy the events. In today’s world, there are many negative issues surrounding different cultures. It is vital that there are events that can bring people from different backgrounds and faiths so that they can enjoy them without any fear or scepticism.

The economic side of the impact is that it can help with the cities revenue, resulting in the city bringing more events and even construct new buildings to present the events. As Birmingham is one of the United Kingdoms visited places with hot spots such as The Bull Ring and The Mail Box for shopping and leisure and recreational areas like Star City and AMC. Which ever type of event is happening in Birmingham there is high possibility of tourists staying over the local hotels and bed and breakfasts, which also is a plus for the local businesses as well as the city.

The political element is that increases the cities national reputation and improves its profile.

The developmental and environmental elements of having events in Birmingham are that it can have effects such as urban regeneration. This can have a positive outcome on the less funded areas of the city.

With the money generated from these events, by giving the lesser funded area’s resources to rejuvenate the area by constructing community centres for young people who have broken backgrounds to learn new skills and make more of their lives.

When considering these types of impacts for the events chosen for this assignment. The MPH Show will bring in many visitors who have an interest for exotic and concept cars, these are also known as ‘petrol heads’. The main target market for this event will be 18-30 mainly male. The economic side of the event will be a benefit as it is running for three days, this is a bonus for hotels as there will be visitors from outside of Birmingham who may want to go to the show, whilst site seeing and going to local businesses.

The political element will be affected, as Birmingham was once home to the motor show. By having this type of event with a well-known host such as Jeremy Clarkson may not replace the revenue and the publicity that the city used to get from the motor show, but it will be a stepping-stone to bringing in similar types of events to the city.

The BBL Cup Final will target mainly basketball fans from different ages. Although basketball is not one of England’s favourite sports, a minority can be targeted effectively.

The economic element will bring in the minority of basketball fans through as much advertising there can be. This can also be a positive for accommodation businesses.

Whether or not the NIA is going to remain being the host of the tournaments finals, it will be a positive for the city council, which can attract other indoor sports events.

The Survivor Series event will be targeting mainly young males aged 16 and over. However, there has been an increase in female attendances to the sports entertainment events. Although the company is originated in the United States, the business does have strong relations within the UK. This can bring in tourists from outer Birmingham and even out of England. This resulting in massive revenue for hotels and other local businesses.

The Mitchell and Webb Live and Little Britain Live events will both have similar type of element results. The target for these events are going to be varied as the events are based on shows from television, this is a positive because it can attract young and older generations. Economically it will be good for the city as these events are apart of a long tour, generating revenue for local businesses. This will raise the profile of the city by having well known comedy gigs and even make aware of other comedy performances to add the city to their tours in the near future.

The Asian Mela event will target mainly the Asian community and even target other cultures, as it is known that different cultures are adapting Asian fashion in to their lifestyles. This will be a good event for local businesses, as the event will attract tourists from other regions. Regarding the political element, this is an event that will be popular as the more it goes grows with the community, there will be more ideas for events for other cultures. By attracting the non Asian community to the event, it can bring a unity to the general public and let the people know that there is room for understanding to the cultures and not the dark cloud that hangs around the Asian community as misinterpreted in today’s media.

The final part of this assignment will consider local residents attitudes to the events within their city.

When events such as the MPH Show come into Birmingham, resident’s attitudes are going to be stereotypical. They may assume that the event may attract a group of hooligans and maybe concerned that there will be a riot of some sort. The residents will more likely welcome the sporting events the BBL Cup Final and the Survivor Series Tour, as they are events the whole family can go and watch. The basketball final’s tournament is something in which the local residents can be proud that their city is part of. This can result in pride in association with the city. It can also be a positive for locals because it is bringing in tourists and even be welcomed by shops and other business.

The comedy events Little Britain Live and Mitchell & Webb Live will be welcomed, as both events are family friendly and are based on television shows that are well known.

Birmingham is known for being a cultured city, with evidence being backed up by Birmingham City Councils webpage which provides statistics in the form of charts.

One way of showing this is by holding an event targeted for its Asian community, The Asian Mela. As Birmingham has a high percentage of Asians as one of its many ethnic groups, the Asian community will welcome the event. By holding this event, it can even attract other people from different ethnic groups and be welcomed by everyone. A family event for al to enjoy the community will be proud to have it in their city.

In conclusion a city such as Birmingham will welcome it. The main factor is that it can hold majority of events within its venues such as the NEC, the NIA and the Symphony Hall. Bringing in more events will increase tourism and revenue for the city. This is a plus as the money generated from the events can go on to bring in more opportunities for people with different interests and backgrounds. Making the city a hotspot for events.

General aim:

To find whether Keswick is a honeypot site.

Specific Hypotheses:

To test the general aim to prove that Keswick is a honey pot site, we will investigate 3 specific hypotheses:

1. Keswick town centre caters mainly for its tourists in its land use.

2. Keswick demonstrates some of the key problems associated with honeypot sites.

3. Keswick attracts a high proportion of non-local visitors.

What is a honeypot site?

A honeypot site is a site where there is attractive scenery or historical interest, and tourists visit in large numbers. Honeypot sites are areas which attract many tourists. They are so called because tourists flock to these places like ‘bees around honey’.

Problems with a honeypot site

The large number of tourist causes many problems in and around Keswick. These problems include –

* Litter and pollution

* Noise pollution

* Vandalism

* Traffic Congestion – This is a problem in the village to both locals and visitors. There is a large car park, with space for coaches, and public toilets but as peak times the parking provision is not enough and the congestion spoils the character of the village and affects its enjoyment by all.

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* Footpath erosion resulting from overuse. This is particularly the case around popular natural attractions.

* Conflict with other landusers e.g. farmers and walkers

How are these problems are being tackled?

Footpath erosion – Improvements such as surfacing paths in local stone or re-routing certain paths have been undertaken to reduce the impact of erosion.

An increasing number of litter bins have been provided throughout the village.

What benefits are created by Tourism in the area?

Social Benefits:

* Jobs are created

* Crime reduces due to higher levels of employment

Economic Benefits:

* Jobs are created. Therefore people have more money to spend on local goods and services.

* Multiplier effect – by creating a factory and providing new jobs, the local economy grows by more than the original cash injection

What is a National park?

* National parks provide for tourists facilities

* They encourage tree planting

* They give advice to land uses

* They arrange talks and guided walks

* They mark out footpaths for you to walk along

* They buy land to protect its character

* They monitor and clean pollution

* They provide on information service

* They encourage suitable developments

* The refuse permission for unsuitable buildings

* The lake district is the largest National park in England

* It is 885 square miles in size

* There is 11 National parks in England

* There are 1800 rules for footpaths in the countryside

Introduction to Keswick

Tourism is the world’s largest industry, with annual revenue of almost $500 billion. And it is growing fast, with airline arrivals expected to double by 2010. In 1950 25 million international arrivals were recorded worldwide a figure which has risen to 500 million by 1996.

Leisure is estimated to account for 75 per cent of all international travel. The World Tourism Organisation estimated there were 694 million international tourist arrivals in 2003, a drop of 1.2 per cent (attributed to the problems of the Iraq conflict, SARS and a generally weak world economy). Arrivals have picked up in 2004, and they are expected to reach 1.6 billion by 2020. Domestic tourism (people going on holiday in their own country) is generally thought to be 4-5 times greater than international arrivals.

Globally, tourism accounts for roughly 35 per cent of exports of services and over 8 per cent of exports of goods. Tourism is now the world’s largest employer. In 2001, the International Labour Organisation estimated that globally over 207 million jobs were directly or indirectly employed in tourism. In the UK alone, 10% of total employment is in the tourism sector.

People who have employment within the UK usually earn a high salary compared to the rest of the world and people consider that they must strike a work/life balance and hence spend more time on holidays.

The UK has seen a greater increase in car ownership since the 1950’s when in 1951 only 1 in 20 families’s had a car, by 1996 this figure had risen to 71% of all UK families owned at least 1 vehicle and by 2005 this figure has risen with many families owning 2 vehicles. The increase in car ownership obviously goes hand in hand with an improvement in the transport system of the UK which since the 1950’s has seen improvements in roads especially motorways and urban by-passes have resulted in driving times between places reduced and encourage people to travel more frequently and greater distances. Keswick has excellent an excellent road system and is easy to reach being just 20 minutes along the A66 trunk road from junction 40 of the M6 motorway.

As mentioned above a major factor for the increase in tourism in the Keswick area has been a change in lifestyle compared to the 1950’s, people are retiring early and living longer and are able to take advantage of their greater fitness, also many people due to retiring early and greater disposable income has seen an increase in people buying 2nd homes in the Keswick area. There has been an increase in active holidays compared to the 1950’s with a lot more people involved in water sports and fell running etc which the Keswick area offers a wide choice of such activities.

Since the 1950’s now almost everybody has a television and many have access to the internet, there is a greater ability to access information about holiday and tourism in general and the tourism industry use all means of advertising.

There has been an increase in Green tourism or sustainable tourism which the Lake District and Keswick are a prime example where tourism is needed to benefit the local economy and the environment with people visiting the area and not spoiling the natural beauty of the area.

With the increase in tourism since the 1950’s there have been several areas described as Honey pot Sites In geography, a honey pot is a particularly popular attraction within a managed tourist area, such as a national park. Honey pot sites are often encouraged because they concentrate the damage caused by tourists on small sites, making conservation easier in other parts of the managed area.

The problem is how to preserve the honey pots natural beauty and their unspoilt quality while providing facilities for the hordes of people who arrive at peak summer periods.

The main problem with Honey pot sites is too many tourists overcrowding small places. Due to the fact that footpaths are been overused, they get eroded casing the council to pay out a large sum of money to repair these paths. There is a high level of litter, vandalism and trespassing on Honey pot sites which causes discomfort and trouble to those who live there this has sparked off a conflict between local farmers and tourists which has caused, restricting tourists access to footpaths, bridleways and separating activities, e.g. Water Skiing and Angling. Also roads have been congested by heavy Lorries, local traffic and tourist traffic which has caused scenic routes separating local and tourist traffic.

A National Park is an area of great natural beauty can be preserved and enhanced, and so that enjoyment of the scenery by the public can be promoted. There are12 National parks in England these 11 parks contain some of the most diverse and spectacular upland and a variety of scenery which in turn provides a wide range of recreational activities. All the parks provide basic opportunities for walking, riding, fishing and water sports. These parks are within easy reach of both urban and rural conurbations, they all have motorways running near them which make them all easy access sites.

National Parks are mostly owned privately (81%) , mainly by farmers with 6% owned by the Forestry Commission, 5% to the National Trust , 3% to the ministry of defence , 3% to the water authorities.

The aims of National parks were updated in 1995, the aims were:

1. To conserve and enhance the natural beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage of the National Parks.

2. To promote opportunities for the public understanding and enjoyment of the special qualities of the Parks.

The idea for a form of national parks was first proposed in the United States in the 1800s where National Parks were established to protect wilderness areas such as Yosemite this model has been used in many other countries since, but not in the United Kingdom. After thousands of years of human integration into the landscape, Britain lacks natural areas of wilderness. Furthermore, those areas of natural beauty so cherished by the romantic poets were often only maintained and managed in their existing state by human activity, usually agriculture. In1931, Christopher Addison chaired a government committee that proposed a ‘National Park Authority’ to choose areas for designation as national parks. A system of national reserves and nature sanctuaries was proposed:

1. To safeguard areas of exceptional natural interest against (a) disorderly development and (b) spoliation;

2. To improve the means of access for pedestrians to areas of natural beauty; and

3. To promote measures for the protection of flora and fauna.

In 1947 by a Government committee, this time chaired by Sir Arthur Hobhouse, which prepared legislation for national parks, and proposed 12 national parks. Sir Arthur had this to say on the criteria for designating suitable areas:

“The essential requirements of a National Park are that it should have great natural beauty, a high value for open-air recreation and substantial continuous extent. Further, the distribution of selected areas should as far as practicable be such that at least one of them is quickly accessible from each of the main centers of population in Wales and England Lastly there is merit in variety and with the wide diversity of landscape which is available in England and Wales, it would be wrong to confine the selection of National Parks to the more rugged areas of mountain and moorland, and to exclude other districts which, though of less outstanding grandeur and wildness, have their own distinctive beauty and a high recreational value.”

History

Granted its market character by Edward in 1276. Keswick was an important wool and leather centre until about 1500.

Location

Keswick is standing on the shore of Derwentwater at the junction north, south east and west routes through the Lake District. It is situated in the north of the Lake District it is surrounded by lots of tall mountains. Carlise to Keswick 39m, Penrith 20m, Windermere 23, and Workington 22.

Maps

Here are some maps to show you where about Keswick is positioned.

Map of Great Britain

Map of North West

Map of Cumbria

Map of Keswick

As you can see Keswick is very accessible due to the many roads that go through it and pass close by.

Landscape around Keswick

The Landscape around Keswick has stunning scenery, it has many lakes and mountains near by and it has vast countryside. It also has a well kept old town centre which is very popular for tourists, where they can buy souvenirs and enjoy dinner at the many restaurants. Here are some pictures to show why Keswick is a honeypot site because of its breath taking scenery.

Here is at the centre of Keswick where there are many shops.

Here is a picture of one of Keswick’s beautiful lakes

Here is one if the breath taking views that attract hikers and walkers to go to Keswick.

A glacially eroded landscape

Tourists are attracted to the Lake District by the spectacular landscape, which has been formed mainly by glacial erosion.

The world’s climate is continuously changing. Between 14 and 20 glacial periods have occurred in the last 1 million years. The most recent ice age started 100 000 years ago and ended 10 000 years ago. During it, ice sheets covered most of Britain north and the Midlands and changed the landscape by glacial erosion and deposition.

A glacier is a mass of moving ice. It erodes by two main processes:

* Plucking: water enters cracks in the rock and freezes so that it is attached to both the rock and the glacier. When the glacier moves, the block of rock is pulled out of the ground.

* Abrasion: Blocks of rock (or load) in the base and sides of the glacier are scraped over the rock surface. They scratch it, making parallel groves called striations. Abrasion has a sandpaper effect so the rock surface looks smooth.

Frost shattering also occurs in glacial environments. This is a weathering process, not an erosion process. When water enters a crack in the rock it expands by 10 per cent. The ice pushing on the sides of the crack it widens it. Blocks of rock can then fall on to the glacier from the valley side above. Frost-shattered rock surfaces are easier for glaciers to erode by plucking.

Corries are produced by glacial erosion. Red tarn corrie is an armchair-shaped hollow on the eastern side of Helvellyn mountain in the Lake District. It is 0.5 km wide and 1km from the front to back. The steep back and side walls are up to 220 m high. A small round lake called Red Tarn lies in the hollow in the base of the corrie. The water is kept in by a rock ridge on the floor of the corrie called a rock lip. The quickest way to identify a corrie on a map is to find a round lake less than 0.5 km in diameter with a U-shaped pattern of contours. How ever many of them do not have lakes in them.

Here is Red tarn corrie

Conclusion

My conclusion is that Keswick is defiantly a honeypot site, and that it is a honypot site because of its location and beautiful scenery. I also think that in time to come Keswick will still be honeypot site for years and years.

For my first location I will be investigating the Gambia. I have chosen the Gambia because it’s not a very large country and there’s plenty of information available for it. The Gambia is mainly a winter sun destination this means that most visitors go there when it’s cold here but hot there in the months of November to February. It’s a long haul destination with a 6-hour flight and is Africa’s smallest country only 30miles wide and 300miles long and is known as the ‘smiling cost’.

The Gambia is very popular because it’s a bird watchers paradise with tropical birds never seen before and also because everyone speaks English also it has famous museums to learn more about the slave trade like ‘Roots’. Majority of the population is Muslim. Development of tourism in the Gambia The Tourism in Gambia started some 40 yrs ago, when Gambia got its independence from British rule in 1965 and has increased every year from than.

The development of hotels has had a definite increase with statistics recording around 660 tourist in 1965, than a very big increase from 1975 with over 25, 000 and the latest records show an even larger increase with 112,986 tourists in 1998/99. This is a very large number of tourists considering that the population is only 1,367,124 (approx). The main increase is due to the all inclusive hotels were guest pay one price up front for all their food, drink and entertainment in the hotel.

The all inclusive hotels have been a problem because tourist do not bother to leave the hotel and see the natural beauty and meet the local people which means they do not benefit from the tourist because they cant sell the souvenirs or other things and the tourist miss out because they do not get to explore the beauty of the country and try local cuisines which also means that local restaurants loose out. Another problem is that not all of the money stays in the country because usually the hotels are foreign owned and the money reaches the mother company and this is when leakages occur.

There are a few advantages due to the hotels which are that many local people get jobs in the hotels which means less unemployment and also the contribute to the local economy due to government taxes. The government did try to close the all inclusive hotels down because of all the problems they were causing but because of this tourist stopped coming all together so they had to bring them back again. The impacts of tourism on the physical environment Tourism in the Gambia has had both positive and negative impacts.

The infrastructure of the country has a big part in the environment, the negative sides of the infrastructure are that building work such as hotels and restaurants mean that large amounts of land has to be cleared to make room for all the facilities which mean that the natural rainforest have to be cut down which also may mean the loss of habitat. There is a great deal of soil erosion and footpath erosion on frequently visited destinations, which in the future could cause problems.

The positive sides are that with the new hotels and restaurants for the tourist they need to make basic things like clean running water, electricity and a sewage system, which will also benefit the local people. Another advantage is that greater awareness on the interests in the landscape and vegetation is being taken, also there is a greater need for preservation of ancient monument. The impact of tourism on the local community Majority of the Gambia is Muslim who have very strict food, drink and dress regulations.

Tourist especially from European countries who know little about the belief may behave in an inappropriate manner while visiting there. Women lay topless on the beaches and men walk around half naked around the market area, this causes conflict between the tourist and local people because the locals were bought up to learn that those things are wrong. An example is if tourist walk around holding hands it would upset the local community because they think that there children mite start to think its okay to do this.

Because of the tourist the crime rate usually goes up because of tourist getting drunk causing disturbance, women getting raped and more drug related crimes go up and this could also mean that the local people think this is the correct way to behave, this is known as the demonstration affect this causes great conflict between generations because the new generation may think that there religion is old and out of date and change their traditional morals and general behaviour.

Also traditional ways of cooking will be changed because most tourist want fast food so local restaurants will have to change there ways of cooking and also music and arts will be changed because of foreigners wanting TV’s and radio’s. English words will replace the local language. All this means that the local communities will loose there traditional way of life and will have to change to survive.

It can also be argued that all of these problems are not all due to the impacts of tourism because in the modern world you have TV were the local’s can see the lifestyle of foreigners and will try to copy it, reading magazines and also because of the people travelling to other countries all adds up to the changes.

On behalf on the Quichua nation organisation I have been asked to write a report on whether ecotourism is the way forward for countries such as Ecuador. The Quichua people are a native group who live in Napo. In this report I will look at whether Commercial tourism or ecotourism would be best for Napo.

Commercial tourism is the traditional tourism that the western world knows. Ecotourism is a way of travelling while improving the welfare of the local people.

Ecuador is a republic in north-western South America. It has an area of 272,045 sq km which is roughly the same as the United Kingdom. Ecuador has a pollution of 11 million with a growth rate of 3% per year. It has a diverse population composed of people of European, Native American and African descent. The main language spoken is Spanish but many Indian languages are also spoken. Most Native Americans in Ecuador have become converts to the Roman Catholic faith.

Agriculture dominated the economy of Ecuador until the 1970s, when the discovery of petroleum deposits brought added income to the nation. The influx of cash resulted in price increases for many goods and because Ecuador had a limited manufacturing base, people spent the new oil money on goods imported from abroad, therefore increasing Ecuador’s foreign debt.

Ecuador is a developing and poverty stricken country. There is only one nurse per 2,320 patients which does not help the child mortality rate at 82 deaths per 1000 births. Only 44% of the rural population have access to safe drinking water and the GNP is $1000.

Ecuador would benefit from attracting tourists because it would bring money into the country, improving the quality of life. As Ecuador is an LEDC (Less Economically Developed Country), tourism may be its last option and a quick way of bringing money into the country.

Commercial Tourism

LEDCs promote tourism because it is a very large source of money. LEDCs that do not have any other sources of money coming into the country can turn to tourism for a reliable and steady income unlike farming and other sources which are unreliable.

Tourism brings much needed money into the country to help with clean water, electricity, health care, schooling and housing.

Tourism creates direct employment at hotels, bars and shops and it creates indirect employment, for example the local farmers growing produce for nearby hotels. Local people would be able to produce and sell their souvenirs to tourists opening up the souvenir trade. Local unskilled people would be trained to work in hotels, and as tour

guides. Commercial tourism creates many more jobs than ecotourism due to the number of facilities and hotels and because of this unemployment in the region would be very low.

Tourism encourages overseas investment into airports and roads, improving transport systems. This would then encourage more tourists to come to that country. The profit and improvements made from tourism would stop migration of people from the country as there would be many jobs available and an incentive to stay.

Tourism can have very positive effects on a country while at the same time ruining the culture, traditions and lives of native people.

The sight of hotels and planes can spoil the appearance of the once untouched surroundings creating air and noise pollution. Usually only between 10 and 20% of all profits made stays in the country. As most hotels are foreign owned and most tourists spend their money in the hotels all of the profits go out of the country. As the tourism industry is seasonal, people may not be earning an income for some parts of the year. As the hotels are foreign owned most of the high paid jobs for example ‘manager’ would be filled by foreign people. The money earned by these people would not stay in the country.

Local craft industries would be destroyed due to the need for mass produced cheap souvenirs unlike their hand made quality pieces. Foreign companies may seize the souvenir monopoly by selling very cheap mass produced goods. Again this profit would be leaving the country. The farming economy is damaged as land is sold off to developers to build hotels. The hotels would prefer to buy food from overseas as the food grown in Ecuador would not meet the demands of European style foods for the tourists.

All the new facilities, for example, airports and other transport services would not benefit the native people as they could not afford to use them.

The borrowed money from overseas would increase the country’s national debt which would not help the overall economy. Tourists expect unlimited water supplies into hotels and attractions. Their supply is ten times greater than the local people’s demand. This could cause water shortages for local people’s domestic and farmland use. If farmers do not have enough water to grow their crops, they could lose their entire harvest for the year which can have devastating effects.

Local cultures and traditions can be destroyed by the new problems that are only due to tourism for example crime, prostitution and drugs. This is because they have never before had any contact from the western world. Tourists do not have any respect for the local people’s customs and beliefs by walking into mosques and temples inappropriately dressed.

The building of hotels, airports and other facilities means local people lose their homes, land and traditional means of livelihood. For example fishermen are no longer able to fish, because overseas companies have closed off parts of the beach and sea to only allow their hotel customers to use it.

There can also be many risks in commercial tourism. Commercial tourism can be greatly affected by political events such as terrorism. Tourism trends can change. Places where tourists used to go can become unwanted travel destinations, leaving many people unemployed. People are unemployed, as businesses have failed as there are not any customers. This can have a great effect on a country’s economic structure.

The people who would be in favour of this type of tourism would be overseas companies who want to invest in LEDCs. The land in LEDCs is very cheap so it would not cost companies that much to build hotels. These companies could then discriminate employees by paying them a very low wage and charging tourists a lot to stay in them. They also know that there is a large willing workforce to use and would be able to take advantage of this.

Overseas tour operators would prefer commercial tourism as it attracts many more tourists. Tour operators would make more money from selling commercial holidays rather than eco holidays.

Local businesses would also like commercial tourism as it brings more customers, along with good transport links such as, roads, trains and airports. This also opens up the rest of the world to businesses who want to export goods internationally. Local farmers may also be in favour of commercial tourism as it opens up a large market to sell their produce.

The people who would be opposed to this tourism would be local native people who would not want airports, roads and other facilities to ruin their culture and natural way of life. Commercial tourism creates a lot of jobs, but most of the profits go out of the country to large companies who own the hotels and other facilities. Their natural ways of life would be taken away by the invasion of foreign cultures and traditions.

Local people who sell souvenirs would not like commercial tourism as this would bring in mass produced cheap souvenirs crushing the local people’s businesses. Foreign companies would have more money to set up shops unlike local people attracting more customers. A lot of the money earned from commercial tourism would leave the country for large foreign companies and does not benefit everyone. People’s cultures and traditions are ruined, and with that their jobs and lives.

Below are some quotes from people who have been employed and disrupted by commercial tourism.

“Commercial tourism has been in Napo for a long time but it’s benefited only the tour companies and not us. It also brought crime into the area”

“Commercial guides brought tourists to our villages and paid us hardly anything, not even enough for a bus fare to Tena. The tourists walked around our villages, into houses, and took photos without asking”

“We want to continue existing according to our own culture and alongside our natural mother, the jungle”

Ecotourism

Ecotourism is a responsible type of travel to natural areas which conserves the environment and improves the welfare of the local people

Ecotourism is a way of travelling while improving the welfare of the local people. This means that in ecotourism areas, there are not any hotels or airports that ruin the landscape. People stay in the same facilities as the local people. This means there is not air or noise pollution.

All the income made by this type of tourism stays in the country with the local people helping towards schooling, clean water and healthcare. No money leaves the country to go to large overseas companies. Local craft industries can grow as there are not any large companies mass producing cheap souvenirs. People will pay for the time and effort that a local person has put into making that souvenir. No land is taken over for development of hotels and airports so farmland is not lost. No food is imported from abroad as all the food eaten by the tourists is locally grown.

Ecotourism costs a lot less than commercial tourism so it does not increase national debt. Local cultures and traditions are not destroyed as local people are allowed to carry on living normally. The type of people going on eco holidays are not the same people who go on commercial holidays. This means that in eco areas, they will not get any drug abuse, prostitution or crime. The people who go on eco holidays respect the local people’s ways of life, try and help the local people and will not try and get in their way.

Farmers and people do not lose their land or houses to ecotourism or their traditional way of life as there are not any large companies taking over parts of land or beaches for foreign use only. The local people let tourists into their way of life instead of adapting to foreign ways. Also the local people and the environment is respected and cared for in ecotourism unlike commercial tourism.

The disadvantages of ecotourism are that a lot less money is made from ecotourism than commercial tourism. As a lot less people go on eco holidays the countries get less money, but all the money is going straight to the local people instead of out of the country.

Ecotourism does not create as much employment as commercial tourism as it is not on a large scale. It is based around the local people and not always for the tourist’s benefit. Due to this there are not any attractions or many facilities which in commercial tourism would create a lot of jobs.

The people who would be in favour for ecotourism are the Quichua people in Napo who would not want commercial tourism in their area. Here is a quote from the Quichua people about ecotourism:

“Our way of life, traditions and culture are being preserved. Some people who left our village to find work are now returning to work in ecotourism. Our community is becoming stronger”

They would not want commercial tourism as the hotels, airports, roads and other facilities would spoil the natural environment and ruin their cultures and natural ways of life. They would prefer ecotourism which would invite tourists into the area, generating money for the country without spoiling the natural environment or disturbing their native way of life. The Quichua people earn a living from making souvenirs and farming. With commercial tourism, their farmland would be taken away and their souvenir industries ruined. All the money created would stay in the country and be used directly to improve their way of life.

Below are some quotes from people who have been employed and benefited from ecotourism.

“We work as guides and decide who we invite to our village. We grow food and make handicraft to sell to the tourists”

“The profits we earn from ecotourism are invested to improve our community, by building schools and a health centre for our children”

“Now we can make a living preserving the forest and not destroying it”

The people who would not be in favour of ecotourism are companies and businesses in Napo and Ecuador. Companies and businesses in Napo would prefer commercial tourism as it brings in more customers. Ecotourism has a lot less tourists entering the country which would not benefit them. Commercial tourism also brings good transport links such as airports, roads and trains unlike ecotourism. These transport links would create international customers, expanding the business and recovering Ecuador’s debt. Ecotourism limits companies expanding by the low number of tourists and transport links.

Local hunters and loggers in Napo may also be against ecotourism. This is because ecotourism enforces many rules on local people, preventing any more destruction of the rainforest. Hunters and loggers could be out of work and find it very hard to earn a living as they are unskilled in others areas of employment.

Conclusion

I have looked at Commercial Tourism and Ecotourism for possible tourism solutions in Napo on behalf of the Quichua people. Both have advantages and disadvantages but in my opinion the most important factors are preserving the Quichua culture and traditions, keeping the Quichua people happy. The advantages of ecotourism are, it protects the people’s traditions and native ways of life, it helps the local people instead of using them, it creates money directly for the native people and is a more respective and friendly type of tourism.

Although there are some advantages to Commercial tourism such as more customers, more money and more overseas investment, these things can sometimes be a disadvantage to the native people. Overall I would choose ecotourism for the Napo region as this type of tourism fills the needs of the Quichua people. I would also choose this type of tourism for LEDCs similar to Ecuador.