Internet

Facebook has been following a trend where it separates features from its mobile app, and make them into stand alone apps, such as the Messenger app or the Groups app. Recently, Facebook has launched a brand new app.

According to Facebook statistics, more than 100 million people use events every day. The company hopes that by creating an app specific for events, would make it easier for users to find local events and keep track of invites from friends. There will also be an interactive map for browsing whats going on around you. However, the app also doubles as a calendar application, to which you can import events from Google Calendar and iCloud to make Events the default calendar app on your phone.

Related:

If you are ever wondering why keeps separating its features into separate apps, the answer is money. Facebook first launched Messenger where you could send friends money, and then Facebook announced Shopify bot, which you can use to shop for things. We can expect Events to soon start selling tickets to events and concerts as well. 

The app is available for iOS users now, and Android users will have to wait.

This article was originally published on  and has been reposted on Entrepreneur Middle East based on a mutual agreement between the websites.

Related

As part of the social network’s wider push into , Facebook is expanding beyond on-the-ground journalism and .  Facebook Live will now also allow for 24-hour, nonstop streaming broadcasts.

Curling up with a book requests time and solitude, demands our full attention and requires us to get into the reading. First of all, in order to curl up with a book, one should be isolated in his/her free time when there are no disturbances at all. It’s necessary to read in your free time because It Is the time when you have nothing on mind. This Is very helpful since our mind would be empty of Issues and worries of our dally life. It also needs a comfortable place and environment to be able to focus on the reading; It Is necessary to be alone when It comes for reading.

It has happened to me that I can’t read anything in the college because there have been a lot of distractions; for example, the noisy atmosphere, electronic devises, too many people walking by and others. I’d rather wait until I arrive at my house; I would immediately go to my room with no interruptions, so I can read in silence and concentrate. Carol Shields (1997) explain that being lonely is necessary when one reads. It is not something to pity about as compared when someone is eating alone in the restaurant or watching the movie alone on a Valentine’s Day.

Solitary reading is the first requirement to curl up with a kook: “Our hearts go out to them, but reading, by definition, can only be done alone. I would Like to make the case today for solitary time, for a life with space enough to curl up with a book” (p. 248). Then one should pay full attention on the reading. We can do multicasts In many ways, for Instance, we watched television while we are eating or we listen to music while we are solving some math problems. We can do all of this at the same time, except when we are reading.

When we read, we should focus to one point and one straight line. Don’t let anything that can make you lose track easily. It is not recommended to read in the Internet because it is very disturbing whereas holding a book is much more real and potent. Losing concentration is very easy in the Internet because someone can send you an instant message, and you might want to surf for a while in the web. However, reading a book is always better; reading can take readers to an imaginary place that the Internet can never take you.

Although the Internet provides us with many deferent kind of information, reading through the website will never give us the experiences and feelings that a book can give us. For example, when we read, we are connected with he reading since we are actually touching the book; also we can easily dullness the author’s perspective. Just like the author Carol Shields (1997) said that we can bytes and texts; also by reading we can find out the tone, formal order, voice and the persuasion of the reading: “A written text, as opposed to electronic information, has formal order, tone, voice, irony, persuasion.

We can inhabit a book; we can possess it and be possessed by it” (p. 249). Finally when someone reads, one should be part of the reading; furthermore, someone can get inside the reading and experience special linings and moments along with the main character. For instance, I have experienced this when I read “I’m a Banana and Proud of It” by Ways Choc; I felt like I was in the author’s position since I also look like a Chinese, but my native country is not China.

Nowadays, adults are so busy that they have almost no time to think of reading a book. They have more important things to do and to worry of, especially for the people that are not wealthy. The students are also occupied in their study, and if they ever have time, they will spend it in their social life rather than staying at home to read a book. Overall, curling up with a book is like being lost in a book. In order to comprehend deeply a reading, it is essential to be lone with our blank mind, to have full concentration and to feel part of the reading.

We can feel free, imagine intensely and experience something beyond the real word through reading. Everyone needs reading in their life. It’s so vital for our mind and body. Almost all the knowledge that one can get comes from reading. That is why reading is such a wonderful activity to do since it broadens our knowledge and experience. Reference Shields, C. (1997). The case for curling up with a book. In G. Disgusts & J. J. Me (Des. ) Refining reading writing. (up. 248-250). Toronto: Nelson Thomson.

Running head: VARYING DEFINITIONS OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION 1 The title should summarize the paper’s main idea and identify the variables under discussion and the relationship between them. The title should be centered on the page, typed in 12point Times New Roman Font. It should not be bolded, underlined, or italicized. Varying Definitions of Online Communication and Their Effects on Relationship Research Elizabeth L. Angeli The author’s name and institution should be doublespaced and centered.

The running head is a shortened version of the paper’s full title, and it is used to help readers identify the titles for published articles (even if your paper is not intended for publication, your paper should still have a running head). The running head cannot exceed 50 characters, including spaces and punctuation. The running head’s title should be in capital letters. The running head should be flush left, and page numbers should be flush right. On the title page, the running head should include the words “Running head. ” For pages following the title page, repeat the running head in all caps without “Running head. Purdue University Blue boxes contain directions for writing and citing in APA style. Green text boxes contain explanations of APA style guidelines. VARYING DEFINITIONS OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION Abstract The abstract is a brief summary of the paper, allowing readers to quickly review the main points and purpose of the paper. The abstract should be between 150-250 words. Abbreviations and acronyms used in the paper should be defined in the abstract. 2 The word “Abstract” should be centered and typed in 12 point Times New Roman. Do not indent the first line of the abstract paragraph.

All other paragraphs in the paper should be indented. This paper explores four published articles that report on results from research conducted on online (Internet) and offline (non-Internet) relationships and their relationship to computer-mediated communication (CMC). The articles, however, vary in their definitions and uses of CMC. Butler and Kraut (2002) suggest that face-to-face (FtF) interactions are more effective than CMC, defined and used as “email,” in creating feelings of closeness or intimacy. Other articles define CMC differently and, therefore, offer different results. This paper examines Cummings et al. s research in relation to three other research articles to suggest that all forms of CMC should be studied in order to fully understand how CMC influences online and offline relationships. Keywords: computer-mediated communication, face-to-face communication VARYING DEFINITIONS OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION Online Communication Definitions Effect on Relationship Research 3 The title of the paper is centered and not bolded. Numerous studies have been conducted on various facets of Internet relationships, The introduction presents the problem that the paper addresses. See the OWL resources on introductions: http://owl. en glish. purdue. du/owl/resou rce/724/01/ focusing on the levels of intimacy, closeness, different communication modalities, and the frequency of use of CMC. However, contradictory results are suggested within this research mostly because only certain aspects of CMC are investigated, for example, email only. Cummings, Butler, and Kraut (2002) suggest that FtF interactions are more effective than CMC (read: email) in creating feelings of closeness or intimacy, while other studies suggest the opposite. In order to understand how both online (Internet) and offline (non-Internet) relationships are affected by CMC, all forms of CMC should be studied.

This paper examines Cummings et al. ’s research against other CMC research to propose that additional research be conducted to better understand how online communication effects relationships. If an article has three to five authors, write out all of the authors’ names the first time they appear. Then use the first author’s last name followed by “et al. ” In-text citations include the author’s/ authors’ name/s and the publication year. The publication year and the not page number is used, because APA users are concerned with the date of the article (the more current the better).

In Cummings et al. ’s (2002) summary article reviewing three empirical studies on online social relationships, it was found that CMC, especially email, was less effective than FtF contact in creating and maintaining close social relationships. Two of the three reviewed studies focusing on communication in non-Internet and Internet relationships mediated by FtF, phone, or email modalities found that the frequency of each modality’s use was significantly linked to the strength of the particular relationship (Cummings et al. , 2002).

The strength of the relationship was predicted best by FtF and phone communication, as participants rated email as an inferior means of maintaining personal relationships as compared to FtF and phone contacts (Cummings et al. , 2002). VARYING DEFINITIONS OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION Cummings et al. (2002) reviewed an additional study conducted in 1999 by the 4 HomeNet project. In this project, Kraut, Mukhopadhyay, Szczypula, Kiesler, and Scherlis (1999) compared the value of using CMC and non-CMC to maintain relationships with partners.

They found that participants corresponded less frequently with their Internet partner (5. 2 times per month) than with their non-Internet partner (7. 2 times per month) (as cited in Cummings et al. , 2002). This difference does not seem significant, as it is only two times less per month. However, in additional self-report surveys, participants responded feeling more distant, or less intimate, towards their Internet partner than their non-Internet partner. This finding may be attributed to participants’ beliefs that email is an inferior mode of personal relationship communication.

Intimacy is necessary in the creation and maintenance of relationships, as it is defined as the sharing of a person’s innermost being with another person, i. e. , selfdisclosure (Hu, Wood, Smith, & Westbrook, 2004). Relationships are facilitated by the reciprocal self-disclosing between partners, regardless of non-CMC or CMC. Cummings et al. ’s (2002) reviewed results contradict other studies that research the connection between intimacy and relationships through CMC. Hu et al. (2004) studied the relationship between the frequency of Instant Messenger (IM) use and the degree of perceived intimacy among friends.

The use of IM instead of email as a CMC modality was studied because IM supports a non-professional environment favoring intimate exchanges (Hu et al. , 2004). Their results suggest that a positive relationship exists between the frequency of IM use and intimacy, demonstrating Use two spaces after a period throughout your paper. VARYING DEFINITIONS OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION that participants feel closer to their Internet partner as time progresses through this CMC modality. Similarly, Underwood and Findlay (2004) studied the effect of Internet relationships on primary, specifically non-Internet relationships and the perceived intimacy of both.

In this study, self-disclosure, or intimacy, was measured in terms of shared secrets through the discussion of personal problems. Participants reported a significantly higher level of self-disclosure in their Internet relationship as compared to their primary relationship. In contrast, the participants’ primary relationships were reported as highly self-disclosed in the past, but the current level of disclosure was perceived to be lower (Underwood & Findlay, 2004). This result suggests participants turned to the Internet in order to fulfill the need for intimacy in their lives. In further support of this finding, Tidwell and Walther (2002) hypothesized CMC participants employ deeper self-disclosures than FtF participants in order to overcome the limitations of CMC, e. g. , the reliance on nonverbal cues. It was found that CMC partners engaged in more frequent intimate questions and disclosures than FtF partners in order to overcome the barriers of CMC. In their study, Tidwell and Walther (2002) measured the perception of a relationship’s intimacy by the partner of each participant in both the CMC and FtF conditions.

The researchers found that the participants’ partners stated their CMC partner was more effective in employing more intimate exchanges than their FtF partner, and both participants and their partners rated their CMC relationship as more intimate than their FtF relationship. VARYING DEFINITIONS OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION A Level 1 heading should be flush left and bolded. If you use more than two levels of headings, consult section 3. 02 of the APA manual (6th ed. ) or the OWL resource on APA headings: http://owl. english. pur due. edu/ow l/resource/ 560/16/ 6 Discussion In 2002, Cummings et al. tated that the evidence from their research conflicted with other data examining the effectiveness of online social relationships. This statement is supported by the aforementioned discussion of other research. There may be a few possible theoretical explanations for these discrepancies. First, one reviewed study by Cummings et al. (2002) examined only email correspondence for their CMC modality. Therefore, the study is limited to only one mode of communication among other alternatives, e. g. , IM as studied by Hu et al. (2004). Because of its many personalized features, IM provides more personal CMC.

For example, it is in real time without delay, voice-chat and video features are available for many IM programs, and text boxes can be personalized with the user’s picture, favorite colors and text, and a wide variety of Because all research has its limitations, it is important to discuss the limitations of articles under examination. emoticons, e. g. , :). These options allow for both an increase in self-expression and the ability to overcompensate for the barriers of CMC through customizable features, as stated in Tidwell and Walther (2002).

Self-disclosure and intimacy may result from IM’s individualized features, which are not as personalized in email correspondence. In addition to the limitations of email, Cummings et al. (2002) reviewed studies that focused on international bank employees and college students. It is possible the participants’ CMC through email was used primarily for business, professional, and school matters and not for relationship creation or maintenance. In this case, personal self-disclosure and intimacy levels are expected to be lower for non-relationship interactions, as this communication is primarily between boss and employee or student

VARYING DEFINITIONS OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION and professor. Intimacy is not required, or even desired, for these professional relationships. Instead of professional correspondence, however, Cummings et al. ’s (2002) review of the HomeNet project focused on already established relationships and CMC’s 7 effect on relationship maintenance. The HomeNet researchers’ sole dependence on email communication as CMC may have contributed to the lower levels of intimacy and closeness among Internet relationships as compared to non-Internet relationships (as cited in Cummings et al. , 2002).

The barriers of non-personal communication in email could be a factor in this project, and this could lead to less intimacy among these Internet partners. If alternate modalities of CMC were studied in both already established and professional relationships, perhaps these results would have resembled those of the previously mentioned research. In order to gain a complete understanding of CMC’s true effect on both online and offline relationships, it is necessary to conduct a study that examines all aspects of CMC. This includes, but is not limited to, email, IM, voice-chat, video-chat, online ournals and diaries, online social groups with message boards, and chat rooms. The effects on relationships of each modality may be different, and this is demonstrated by the discrepancies in intimacy between email and IM correspondence. As each mode of communication becomes more prevalent in individual’s lives, it is important to examine the impact of all modes of CMC on online and offline relationship formation, maintenance, and even termination. The conclusion restates the problem the paper addresses and can offer areas for further research.

See the OWL resource on conclusions: http://owl. english. pur due. edu/ow l/resource/ 724/04/ VARYING DEFINITIONS OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION References Cummings, J. N. , Butler, B. , & Kraut, R. (2002). The quality of online social relationships. Communications of the ACM, 45(7), 103-108. Hu, Y. , Wood, J. F. , Smith, V. , & Westbrook, N. (2004). Friendships through IM: Examining the relationship between instant messaging and intimacy. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(1), 38-48. Tidwell, L. C. , & Walther, J. B. (2002).

Computer-mediated communication effects on disclosure, impressions, and interpersonal evaluations: Getting to know one another a bit at a time. Human Communication Research, 28(3), 317-348. 8 Underwood, H. , & Findlay, B. (2004). Internet relationships and their impact on primary relationships. Behaviour Change, 21(2), 127-140. Start the reference list on a new page, center the title “References,” and alphabetize the entries. Do not underline or italicize the title. Double-space all entries. Every article mentioned in the paper should have an entry.

A society is influenced more by show then by substances. Our world is the world of Glamour . Our society is composed by peoples who just sees as things are shown to them. They dont have time and energy to study or analyse things. Media has a big hand in influencing people. They put things in different perspectives,so that we get easily influenced by the way they inform about the event. As our eyes see,they transfer it to rain and our brain takes first decision depending upon data sent by our eyes. We may also use previous experiences and knowledge about substances but for new entity we are depending on media or internet. So now-a-days people’s judgement is based on what they see. I will narrate my experience with a phrase ‘Ignorance is bliss’,which means-‘Not knowing is better than knowing and worrying. I think it has more to do with the economy & governmental control.

People are bogged down economically ,so fewer people have the energy or time to fight for what is right. So many of them just choose to believe what ever is in front of them. The one’s who refuse to believe whatever the government or the media feeds them are regarded as “conspiracy fanatics”. We are bound to believe the government & media. Getting to the very core ,substances usually takes a lot of work and time. It is also very unpleasant. We can say It’s just easier to live in ignorance.

Online multimedia service providers will promptly put up an hour long presentation to highlight the advantages of inserting audio and video clips in websites. No doubt that visual and voice stimuli have greater impact and imprint on a visitor provided it doesn’t compromise on the marketing strategy. Apparently, the best marketing strategy for any website is to have larger number of visitors and to have longer duration of stay. This improves the probability of converting a visitor into a potential customer.

So in what ways, can the addition of audio and video in a website, may lead to a marketing disaster? Here are the main ones:

Reduced efficiency: Web pages containing audio/video clips will have larger file size and will take a longer time to open than simple “no-frills” websites. Apart from small sized midi or wav files (audio file formats), most of the audio files consume better part of the internet bandwidth. And using a video clip directly into a web page will ensure that a large number of users having slow dial-up internet, would never be able to wait twenty minutes for just one web page to open completely.

More costs: A good website designer can link audio/video files to a separate external location, without increasing the files size of web pages. However, more bandwidth and more space will still cost more money. At the back-end, the infrastructure required to host websites with large file sizes and file numbers, should be state-of-the-art for flawless navigation of web pages.

Overriding choice: Inserting an audio in a website, without giving an option to the user to switch it on or off, is more like “inflicting” the audio. Sounds and videos should always be posted as an option that a visitor might like to explore; imposing such content may cause lot of annoyance to the visitors. Unexpected pop-up audio or video may also earn disrespectful glances from colleagues to the users at offices.

Copyright issues: Quite a few irresponsible designers have burnt the fingers of their employers by inserting copyrighted or trademarked music in the background of web pages. With improved Internet vigilance, such instances have shrunk to negligible numbers, but still there are many that operate from offshore locations and continue juggling with copyrights.

Today in America, much of our lives is defined by popular culture. Traditions and patterns handed down from generations have been influenced by popular culture in society more today than of yesteryear. Trends are changing in regard to convenience, communication, and personal gain. In this essay, I will speak on the trends of social, political, personal, and religious. When I think of social trends, I am reminded of the new technology that exists today. Technology has change the way we communicate forcing us to stay abreast on the latest version and gadgets to remain functioning actively.

Computers and cellular telephones, once accessories, but are necessities today. The Internet is a tool that has changed the way we live when shopping, paying bills, even doing research. Gone are the days of land lines and pay phones. Those gadgets are replaced by cellular phones with text messaging capabilities that allow instant messages to be received faster than voice messaging. Electronic mail, also known as e-mail, whether used personally or in the workplace, has replaced postal bulk mail in some instances. Social networking websites of Twitter, Facebook, My Space, YouTube, and eHarmony are very popular today.

Users of these sites can share a personal profile, make new friends, date online, post a video and daily messages. Also, Fortune 500 companies use the internet to advertise to increase sales and business. A popular trend in politics during the 2008 Presidential Election was voter registration. Many community websites drew subscribers to register to vote. Volunteers across the country supported their candidate of choice to get the message out to vote, by going door to door, holding community rallies, and voter drives. Also, celebrity endorsement in the election became a popular trend.

Many celebrities did television commercials, and group songs in support of their candidate of choice based on their belief of important values. I believe both trends will continue in future elections as they proved to be key factor in winning votes. From the aspect of personal trends in American popular culture, tattoo and body piercing are the happenings. Both genders of young adults including celebrities, athletes, and singers are following this trend of displaying visual art and design on their body. Also, young adults are influenced today with rap and pop music, urban clothing lines, team sportswear, video games, and iPods.

By way of education, online universities are offering classes to earn degrees. This trend is convenient for many working adults with families. While living in the digital age, the digital/video camera is a common personal item that is used to capture memories of special events that is recorded on digital video disc (DVD) to view with family members and friends. Also, movies are now recorded on DVD, while music is recorded on compact disc (CD). Lastly, I will speak on the religious aspect of popular culture in America.

The Scientology and Kabbalah religion are popular among celebrities in Hollywood. In the catholic religion, not much has changed by way of traditions. However, there are reports of priest sexually abusing alter boys, that has resulted in convictions and various lawsuits against the Vatican. This action may be called a trend, but the abuse happened years ago that is now visible on the forefront in today’s society. In other religions, there are trends of many church leaders under scrutiny for using church funds for personal financial gain as they live lavish lifestyles.

Some are also involved in sex scandals, committing adultery and accused of domestic violence. Some trends have spoiled us in becoming impatient for instant gratification, while forgetting the traditions handed down to us. American popular culture is exposed through the mass media every day in areas of social, political, personal, and religious. We are affixed to tuning in to hearing the latest to keep up with the happenings in American society to get us through the day, which is a trend in itself. References Wilson, J. R. , & Wilson, S. R. (2001). Mass Media, Mass Culture, (5e).